Evidence Details for Fos
PMID Title Journal Year Abstract
31217804 Effect of Electroacupuncture on Hyperalgesia and Vasoactive Neurotransmitters in a Rat Model of Conscious Recurrent Migraine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 May 14;2019:9512875. doi: 10.1155/2019/9512875. eCollection 2019. 2019 Migraine onset is associated with the abnormal release of vasoactive neurotransmitters from perivascular nerves, and these neurotransmitters are involved in the pathophysiology of migraine. Hyperalgesia is a key feature of migraine, and accumulating evidence indicates that electroacupuncture (EA) at the single acupuncture point (Fengchi [GB20]) is effective in ameliorating hyperalgesia. In clinical practice, multiple acupuncture points are widely used, especially GB20 and Yanglingquan (GB34). However, the role played by vasoactive neurotransmitters in acupuncture antihyperalgesic effect at the single or multiple acupuncture points remains unknown. We aimed to determine whether EA would exert its antihyperalgesic effects by modulating vasoactive neurotransmitter release from the perivascular nerves. Furthermore, we examined whether targeting multiple acupuncture points would be more effective than targeting a single point in reducing hyperalgesia. The mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia were evaluated by measuring the facial and hind-paw mechanical withdrawal thresholds, tail-flick and hot-plate latencies. Plasma concentrations of vasoactive neurotransmitters were determined using rat-specific ELISA kits from jugular vein, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), nitric oxide (NO), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). The result suggested that EA significantly ameliorated the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, reduced c-Fos levels in the trigeminal ganglion, and attenuated plasma and dural levels of vasoactive neurotransmitters, especially in the multiple acupuncture points group (GB20+GB34). In conclusion, EA exerts antihyperalgesic effect in a rat model of conscious recurrent migraine, possibly via modulation of the vasoactive neurotransmitters. Furthermore, targeting multiple acupuncture points is more effective than targeting a single point in reducing hyperalgesia."

Evidence Sentence: The result suggested that EA significantly ameliorated the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, reduced c-Fos levels in the trigeminal ganglion, and attenuated plasma and dural levels of vasoactive neurotransmitters, especially in the multiple acupuncture points group (GB20+GB34).
Evidence Sentence: EA Reduced c-Fos Levels in the TG in a Rat Model of Conscious Migraine
Evidence Sentence: DES induced elevations in c-Fos expression in the TG.
Evidence Sentence: To investigate the effects of EA on hyperalgesia, we performed immunofluorescence analyses and western blotting to examine the number of c-Fos-positive cells and levels of c-Fos protein in the TG (Figure 3).
Evidence Sentence: The number of c-Fos-positive cells (Figures 3(a) and 3(d)) and levels of c-Fos protein (Figures 3(b) and 3(c)) in the TG were significantly more and higher in the Model group (after repeated DES) than in the Sham group (n=5, P<0.05 for both).
Evidence Sentence: In contrast, the EA-treated groups (except GB34) exhibited significantly fewer c-Fos-positive cells (n=5, P<0.05) and significantly lower c-Fos protein levels than the Model group (n=5, P<0.05), especially the GB20+GB34 group.
Evidence Sentence: The c-Fos positive cell numbers and c-Fos protein levels in the Non-Acu group did not significantly differ from those in the Model group (P>0.05 for both).
Evidence Sentence: C-Fos expression is regarded as a biomarker of pain-related behavior, reflecting the degree of hyperalgesia and the level of activation of the trigeminovascular system (TS).
Evidence Sentence: The number of c-Fos-positive cells (Figures 3(a) and 3(d)) and levels of c-Fos protein (Figures 3(b) and 3(c)) in the TG were significantly more and higher in the Model group (after repeated DES) than in the Sham group (n=5, P<0.05 for both).