| Evidence Sentence: |
Experiment 3: Moxibustion Exert Analgesic Effect by Activating Spinal OFQ-OFQ Receptor System |
| Evidence Sentence: |
As shown in Figure 6(a), at different levels of CRD stimuli (2.66, 5.32, 7.98, and 10.64 kPa), the AWR scores in model group were higher than that in OFQ group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The AWR scores were higher in OFQ+Nphe1 group than that in OFQ group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
OFQ alleviated the CRD-induced CVH by binding to the OFQ receptor. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
As shown in Figure 6(b), at different levels of CRD stimuli, an obvious increase of AWR scores was shown in Nphe1+WM group compared to WM group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the AWR scores in OFQ+WM group was lower than that in WM group (P < 0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
OFQ could enhance it. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
The expression of OFQ and of its receptor in L6-S1 spinal dorsal horn was also tested by ISH, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
As shown in Figure 7, ISH examination revealed that the expression of OFQ mRNA in model group was higher than that in normal group (P < 0.01), and WM treatment further produced a marked elevation of OFQ mRNA (P < 0.01). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
As shown in Figure 8, the level of OFQ protein was higher in model group than that in normal group (P < 0.05), and significantly increased after WM treatment (P < 0.05). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
ISH showed that the expression of spinal OFQ receptor mRNA increased during CVH and was further remarkably enhanced by WM treatment (P < 0.01) (Figure 9). |
| Evidence Sentence: |
These data indicated that WM treatment induced the expression of OFQ and enhanced the transcription of OFQ receptor mRNA in CVH rats. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Experiment 3: Moxibustion Exert Analgesic Effect by Activating Spinal OFQ-OFQ Receptor System |
| Evidence Sentence: |
OFQ alleviated the CRD-induced CVH by binding to the OFQ receptor. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
These data indicated that WM treatment induced the expression of OFQ and enhanced the transcription of OFQ receptor mRNA in CVH rats. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
Warming Moxibustion Relieves Chronic Visceral Hyperalgesia in Rats: Relations to Spinal Dynorphin and Orphanin-FQ System |
| Evidence Sentence: |
In this paper, we determined the role of spinal dynorphin and orphanin-FQ system in analgesic effect of warming moxibustion (WM) on chronic visceral hyperalgesia (CVH) in IBS-like rat model. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
WM significantly reinforced the upregulation of spinal dynorphin mRNA/protein and kappa receptor mRNA levels in CVH rats; (3) intrathecal administration of orphanin-FQ receptor antagonist prior to WM significantly attenuated the WM analgesia and orphanin-FQ enhanced the WM analgesia. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
These results suggest that moxibustion may relieve CVH at least in part by activating spinal dynorphin and orphanin-FQ system. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
WM reinforced the upregulation of spinal orphanin-FQ mRNA/protein and orphanin-FQ receptor mRNA levels in CVH rats. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
WM reinforced the upregulation of spinal orphanin-FQ mRNA/protein and orphanin-FQ receptor mRNA levels in CVH rats. |
| Evidence Sentence: |
WM significantly reinforced the upregulation of spinal dynorphin mRNA/protein and kappa receptor mRNA levels in CVH rats; (3) intrathecal administration of orphanin-FQ receptor antagonist prior to WM significantly attenuated the WM analgesia and orphanin-FQ enhanced the WM analgesia. |