Evidence Details for Snca
PMID Title Journal Year Abstract
26991319 Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Acupuncture Stimulation via the Vagus Nerve. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. 2016 Although acupuncture therapy is widely used in traditional Asian medicine for the treatment of diverse internal organ disorders, its underlying biological mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the functional involvement of acupuncture stimulation (AS) in the regulation of inflammatory responses. TNF-alpha production in mouse serum, which was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, was decreased by manual acupuncture (MAC) at the zusanli acupoint (stomach36, ST36). In the spleen, TNF-alpha mRNA and protein levels were also downregulated by MAC and were recovered by using a splenic neurectomy and a vagotomy. c-Fos, which was induced in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMV) by LPS and electroacupuncture (EAC), was further increased by focal administration of the AMPA receptor blocker CNQX and the purinergic receptor antagonist PPADS. TNF-alpha levels in the spleen were decreased by CNQX and PPADS treatments, implying the involvement of inhibitory neuronal activity in the DVC. In unanesthetized animals, both MAC and EAC generated c-Fos induction in the DVC neurons. However, MAC, but not EAC, was effective in decreasing splenic TNF-alpha production. These results suggest that the therapeutic effects of acupuncture may be mediated through vagal modulation of inflammatory responses in internal organs."

Evidence Sentence: In this study, we found that mechanical stimulation at the acupoint of Yanglingquan (GB34) promoted the autophagic clearance of alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), a well known aggregation-prone protein closely related to Parkinson's disease (PD), in the substantia nigra par compacta (SNpc) of the brain in a PD mouse model.
Evidence Sentence: Whereas acupuncture and rapamycin, a chemical mTOR inhibitor, show comparable alpha-syn clearance and therapeutic effects in the PD mouse model, the latter adopts a distinctly different, mTOR-dependent, autophagy induction process.
Evidence Sentence: We also found that the expression of alpha-syn was significantly increased in the substantia nigra par compacta (SNpc) of the PG mouse brain (Fig.
Evidence Sentence: Significantly, we found that the expression level of alpha-syn in SNpc was decreased by ~56% in AG, which remained nearly constant in SG (Fig.
Evidence Sentence: Having established that acupuncture suppresses alpha-syn expression in SNpc, we explored the relationship between the observed alpha-syn clearance and autophagy.
Evidence Sentence: Significantly, compared with mice in PG, we observed ~37% decrease in the expression level of LC3II and ~20% in LAMP1 on the 4th day in AG, along with over 50% clearance of alpha-syn in SNpc (Fig.
Evidence Sentence: These data suggest that acupuncture significantly rescues the ALP to enhance the clearance of autophagosomes and the degradation of alpha-syn.
Evidence Sentence: We further note that the low expression of alpha-syn maintained till the 7th day in AG, suggesting the sustainable effects of acupuncture.
Evidence Sentence: Also of note, mice in SG did not show apparent ALP restoration or significant alpha-syn clearance, which coincides well with the structural analysis in SNpc.
Evidence Sentence: Rapamycin enhanced alpha-syn clearance in an m-TOR-dependent pathway
Evidence Sentence: Having substantiated the acupuncture-induced autophagic clearance of alpha-syn, we next examined the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on the motor function, the number and the activity of DA neurons in mice of PG.
Evidence Sentence: In this study, we found that mechanical stimulation at the acupoint of Yanglingquan (GB34) promoted the autophagic clearance of alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), a well known aggregation-prone protein closely related to Parkinson's disease (PD), in the substantia nigra par compacta (SNpc) of the brain in a PD mouse model.
Evidence Sentence: Acupuncture relieved the accumulation of alpha-synuclein in PD mice
Evidence Sentence: Acupuncture promoted the autophagic clearance of alpha-synuclein in an m-TOR-independent pathway