Description EA was applied to Hegu (LI4), Waiguan (TE5), Jinme (BL63), Taichong (LR3), Zusanli (ST36), Qiuxu (GB40), Tianzhu (BL10), Fengchi (GB20), Cuanzhu (BL2) and Yuyao (EX-HN4) on the side with the craniotomy. Group S was a sham acupoints group. In this group, EA was applied at 9 and 12 Cun above Kunlun (BL60), 7 and 10 Cun above Taixi (KI3) and 7 and 9 Cun above Shenmen (HT7) on the side with the craniotomy.
Experimental Description
The study involved 29 patients undergoing craniotomy. The patients were divided into three groups: a control (C, n=10), an EA (A, n=9) and a sham acupoints group (S, n=10).
Sample Count
29
Age
18-60
Control
Sham
Std
control (C)group(n=10);sham acupoints group (S)(n=10)
Experiment
EA group(A)(n=9)
Indicator
TNF-αIL-8IL-10IgMIgAIgG
Auxiliary Medication
The induction plasma concentration of propofol was 5 μg/ml, and that of sufentanil was 0.5 ng/ml. While the patient was unconscious, the plasma concentration of propofol was reduced to 3.2 μg/ml and that of sufentanil to 0.3 ng/ml, and vecuronium bromide 0.1 mg/kg was administered at the same time. After muscle relaxation, tracheal intubation was performed. Vecuronium bromide (0.05 mg/kg) was intermittently administered performed to maintain muscle relaxation. Sufentanil concentration was adjusted to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR in the basic range of +10% to −20%. In cases of hypotension (MAP <20% of baseline), bradycardia (HR <50 beats/min) or hypertension (MAP >10% of baseline values), 6 mg ephedrine, 0.5 mg atropine or 0.2–0.5 mg nicardipine was administered, respectively.
Stimulation Method
EA
Induction Method
Electroacupuncture Instrument Model
Manufacturer
Frequency
Waveform
Strength
Induction Time
LH202H
Beijing Huawei Co, Ltd., Beijing, China
2/100 Hz
disperse-dense wave
at the level ofmaximal tolerance of each patient
EAS lasted from the induction of anesthesia until the end of surgery
Acupuncture_Needle
Needle_Manufacturer
Needle_Depth
-
-
0.7-1.5 cm
Description The electroacupuncture stimulation (EAS) was delivered via a HANS acupoint nerve stimulator (LH202H, Huawei Co., Ltd., Beijing, China), with a disperse-dense wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, alternated once every 3 sec. The complete symmetric biphasic pulse was adopted. The stimulation intensity was in accordance with the maximal tolerance of patients and the EAS lasted from the induction of anesthesia until the end of surgery.
Anesthesia Method
AAA
Contraindications
Infection or inflammation
Effector
When comparing the levels of cytokines following surgery, we observed that the peripheral blood IL-8 levels in groups A and S were increased significantly compared with those of group C at 1 and 2 days after surgery. When comparing immunoglobulin levels after surgery, we established that the peripheral blood IgA levels in group C had decreased significantly compared to those of group A and group S 4 h after induction of anesthesia and 1 day after surgery. However, there was no significant difference between group A and group S. Compared with simple general anesthesia, acupuncture combined with anesthesia partially reduces immune suppression in the perioperative periods under the same conditions as the simple general anesthesia. Point specificity in EA was not present.
The effect of electroacupuncture on postoperative immunoinflammatory response in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on immune function in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy. We also examined whether point specificity in EA was present. The study involved 29 patients undergoing craniotomy. The patients were divided into three groups: a control (C, n=10), an EA (A, n=9) and a sham acupoints group (S, n=10). Blood samples were collected at the following time points: before anesthesia (T0), 4 h after the induction of anesthesia (T1), 1 day post-surgery (T2) and 2 days post-surgery (T3) to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA and IgG. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software. When comparing the levels of cytokines following surgery, we observed that the peripheral blood IL-8 levels in groups A and S were increased significantly compared with those of group C at 1 and 2 days after surgery. When comparing immunoglobulin levels after surgery, we established that the peripheral blood IgA levels in group C had decreased significantly compared to those of group A and group S 4 h after induction of anesthesia and 1 day after surgery. However, there was no significant difference between group A and group S. Compared with simple general anesthesia, acupuncture combined with anesthesia partially reduces immune suppression in the perioperative periods under the same conditions as the simple general anesthesia. Point specificity in EA was not present."
