In clinical practice, acupuncture anesthesia presents a multitude of advantages, pivotal among these being Body System Protection. This technique supports the body's natural defenses, reducing the physiological stress often associated with surgical procedures. By modulating the body's response to pain, acupuncture anesthesia allows for a lower Dosage of Medication, significantly reducing the potential for drug-related side effects. Furthermore, this approach plays a crucial role in Emotion Regulation, helping patients maintain a calm and stable emotional state, which is essential for a positive surgical outcome. The impact of acupuncture on the nervous system not only aids in Pain Relief but also promotes Enhanced Recovery After Surgery. Patients tend to experience faster recuperation times, attributed to the holistic nature of this method. Additionally, acupuncture anesthesia is associated with a Lower Incidence of Side Effects compared to conventional anesthetics. Its ability to modulate and balance the body's responses makes it an invaluable tool in the realm of modern medicine, offering a safer, more patient-centered approach to pain management and recovery.

           
Modulation
Immunity
Acupuncture anesthesia may enhance the body's immune response, reducing the risk of postoperative infections.
Blood Flow
Acupuncture anesthesia can optimize blood flow to tissues, aiding in wound healing and tissue recovery.
Endocrinology
Acupuncture anesthesia can influence endocrine function, helping maintain hormonal balance during surgery.
Circulation
Acupuncture anesthesia supports overall circulatory health, ensuring adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues.
Microcirculation
Acupuncture anesthesia positively affects microcirculation, benefiting tissue perfusion and healing.
Blood Pressure
Acupuncture anesthesia can help stabilize blood pressure, reducing perioperative hypertension risks.
Heart Rate
Acupuncture anesthesia can regulate heart rate, promoting cardiovascular stability during surgery.
Hemodynamics
Acupuncture anesthesia optimizes hemodynamic parameters, contributing to surgical safety.
Bleeding
Acupuncture anesthesia may reduce intraoperative bleeding, enhancing surgical outcomes.
Skin Temperature
Acupuncture anesthesia can help maintain stable skin temperature during surgery, preventing hypothermia.

Acupuncture anesthesia for Modulation-Heart Rate


PMID Evidence Source Keyword Type
18197794 Bioengineering assessment of acupuncture, part 7: heart rate variability. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2007;35(3-4):183-95. doi: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v35.i3-4.10. Heart Rate Review
18197794 In the seventh part of this review article, preliminary research on the topic of acupuncture and heart rate variability is described. Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2007;35(3-4):183-95. doi: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v35.i3-4.10. Heart Rate Review
20304708 Acupuncture and heart rate variability: a systematic review. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Jun 24;155(1-2):5-13. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.02.003. Epub 2010 Mar 20. Heart Rate Review
20304708 Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize and critically assess the effects of acupuncture on heart rate variability. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Jun 24;155(1-2):5-13. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.02.003. Epub 2010 Mar 20. Heart Rate Review
20460195 Neural mechanisms of reflex inhibition of heart rate elicited by acupuncture-like stimulation in anesthetized rats. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 10. Heart Rate Review
20460195 We briefly review our recent studies on the neural mechanisms of the reflex effects of acupuncture-like stimulation on heart rate in rats. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 10. Heart Rate Review
20460195 In pentobarbital anesthetized rats, acupuncture-like stimulation of one of various segmental areas of the body (forelimb, chest, abdomen, hindlimb) invariably induces a decrease in heart rate. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 10. Heart Rate Review
20460195 Decrease in heart rate by acupuncture-like stimulation of a hindlimb is accompanied by a decrease in cardiac sympathetic nerve activity, and is abolished by cardiac sympathectomy but not by vagotomy. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 10. Heart Rate Review
20460195 We conclude that the reflex pathway involved in the decrease of heart rate by acupuncture-like stimulation comprises groups III and IV muscle afferent nerves whose activation stimulates GABAergic neurons in the brainstem and inhibits sympathetic outflow to the heart. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 10. Heart Rate Review
20460195 When the sympathetic tone is high due to hypercapnia, the induced reduction in both cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and heart rate is not augmented, suggesting that the magnitude of sympatho-inhibitory response to acupuncture-like stimulation does not depend on pre-existing sympathetic tone. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.021. Epub 2010 May 10. Heart Rate Review
21939120 There is also cumulative evidence that acupuncture, hypnosis and tai-chi may decrease the high frequency of heart rate variability, suggesting enhancement of vagus nerve activity. Harefuah. 2011 Aug;150(8):660-3, 687. Heart Rate Review
22443026 In order to gain the acupuncture-like effects of TENS, authors often characterised acupuncture-like TENS using: an intensity that caused muscle contractions (6MC, 17SC), or a sensation to tolerance threshold (3MC, 4SC); a 1-4 pulses per second (pps) pulse rate (5MC, 16SC); a 100-200 micros pulse duration (2MC, 8SC); stimulation to acupuncture points (5MC, 4SC), or myotomes (3MC, 3SC), or over the painful area (3MC, 1SC). Acupunct Electrother Res. 2011;36(3-4):231-58. doi: 10.3727/036012911803634139. Heart Rate Review
22967279 One trial evaluated the effect of acupuncture on postexercise recovery and found that heart rate, oxygen consumption, and blood lactate were significantly reduced secondary to acupuncturing of PC 6 and ST 36 versus control and placebo conditions at 30 or 60 minutes postexercise. J Altern Complement Med. 2013 Jan;19(1):9-16. doi: 10.1089/acm.2011.0727. Epub 2012 Sep 11. Heart Rate Review
25675588 The results showed that compared with the blank control group, the acupuncture reduced the heart rate by 18.8 times/min [95% CI (12.68, 24.92)]; the clinical effective rate in the acupuncture group was superior to that in the diltiazem group [OR= 3.11, 95% CI (1.50, 6.46)]; the difference of immediate effect between propafenone and acupuncture was not significant. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2014 Nov;34(11):1146-50. Heart Rate Review
27500758 In five chronic heart failure studies, acupuncture improved exercise capacity, quality of life, hemodynamic parameters, and time domain heart rate variability parameters. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Nov 1;222:321-331. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.195. Epub 2016 Jul 30. Heart Rate Review
28461125 The therapeutic effects of acupuncture come from inserting a needle at specific acupoints on the body surface, with subsequent delivery of stimulation via manual rotation or electric pulses (electroacupuncture, EA). Biochem Pharmacol. 2017 Oct 1;141:132-142. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.04.029. Epub 2017 Apr 29. Heart Rate Review
3049394 The blood pressure and heart rate stability that have been observed with acupuncture analgesia have not been sufficiently explained and warrant further investigation, as does the possibility that acupuncture may be helpful in shock states characterized by increased stress hormone concentrations. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 1988 Fall;26(3):213-7. doi: 10.1097/00004311-198802630-00007. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
30945508 Application of heart rate variability in acupuncture research. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2019 Mar 25;44(3):226-30. doi: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180502. Heart Rate Review
3301357 Recent studies suggest that physical activity, as well as electric nerve stimulation and acupuncture, sends specific afferent nerve signals to the central nervous system resulting afterwards in increased pain threshold, and lower activity in the central sympathetic nervous system, resulting in lower heart rate and blood pressure. Eur Heart J. 1987 May;8 Suppl B:71-6. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/8.suppl_b.71. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
34435369 The acupuncture needles may have been drawn deeper into the body than at the time of insertion due to electrical pulses and muscle contraction, indicating the need for careful determination of treatment indications and technical safety measures, such as fail-safe mechanisms. J Forensic Sci. 2022 Jan;67(1):377-383. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14874. Epub 2021 Aug 26. Heart Rate Review
36065876 Nonpharmacological pain interventions identified in the literature included physical interventions such as acupuncture, physical therapy, therapeutic exercise, yoga, bracing, heat, cold, elevation, compression, chiropractic interventions, massage, manual therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and pulsed electromagnetic field therapy. JBI Evid Synth. 2022 Nov 1;20(11):2697-2720. doi: 10.11124/JBIES-21-00169. Heart Rate Review
36126293 Tools such as acupuncture, electroacupuncture, electroshock therapy, electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, red light therapy, and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy are demonstrating efficacy in treating many different maladies. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Oct;39(8):477-498. doi: 10.1089/jop.2022.0046. Epub 2022 Sep 20. Heart Rate Review
38115589 Acupuncture improves peak oxygen levels, maximum heart rate, delayed-onset muscle soreness, pain, swelling, explosive force production, and joint mobility. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2023 Dec 31;16(6):239-247. doi: 10.51507/j.jams.2023.16.6.239. Heart Rate Inflammatory Pain Review
16824230 However, there were positive findings in 17 of 18 studies (94%) whose outcome of interest measured specific physiologic changes (brain blood flow using fMRI imaging, muscle blood flow, morphologic changes in sperm structure, association of acupuncture response to genotype, effect on leukocyte circulation, heart rate or heart rate variability, blood pressure, sweat rate, tissue impedance, sensations of skin piercing, post-menopausal vasomotor symptoms or ultrasound imaging of tissue morphology.) BMC Complement Altern Med. 2006 Jul 7;6:25. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-6-25. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Circulation Blood Flow Review
17587446 Ten of these interventions are listed as non-pharmacological and 5 of these non-pharmacological interventions are physical agents: acupuncture; low level laser therapy (LLLT); pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF, including shortwave therapy SWT); transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and ultrasound (US). BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007 Jun 22;8:51. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-8-51. Heart Rate Review
17587446 Abbreviations: LLLT (Low Level Laser Therapy), TENS/IF (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and Interferential Currents), EA (Electro-acupuncture), PEMF (Pulsed Electro Magnetic Fields), MA (Manual Acupuncture), US (Ultrasound). BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007 Jun 22;8:51. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-8-51. Heart Rate Review
22378585 Analyses of heart rate variability have revealed that acupuncture decreases the low frequency/high frequency ratio and increases the high frequency power, which indicates a shift to parasympathetic dominance. Acupunct Med. 2012 Mar;30(1):47-50. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2011-010060. Heart Rate Review
22378585 An investigation of the blood pressure and associated changes in human heart rate variability by manual stimulation of the PC6 indicated that the autonomic innervations of the heart are modified by acupuncture. Acupunct Med. 2012 Mar;30(1):47-50. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2011-010060. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
24322588 In a systematic evaluation of the effect of electroacupuncture frequency, intensity, treatment duration, and pulse width in a CFA-induced inflammatory pain rat model, Dr. Anesthesiology. 2014 Feb;120(2):482-503. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000101. Heart Rate Inflammatory Pain Review
25254059 Six studies measured heart rate before and after intervention; none of these reported a significant difference between the acupuncture and sham groups. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:850367. doi: 10.1155/2014/850367. Epub 2014 Sep 2. Heart Rate Review
27403201 recently reported that both verum and sham acupuncture resulted in increases in the skin conductance response (SCR) and heart rate within tens of seconds. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:9874207. doi: 10.1155/2016/9874207. Epub 2016 Jun 14. Heart Rate Review
29844696 Acupuncture effects on regulation of heart-rate variability were similarly demonstrated in a rodent model of inflammatory bowel disease and human subjects. J Inflamm Res. 2018 May 17;11:227-237. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S141198. eCollection 2018. Heart Rate Review
29861766 In the remaining one study, one patient from the neostigmine group suffered from full-body tremor 5 minutes after the intramuscular injection of neostigmine, which was spontaneously resolved 10 minutes later; no other abnormality was found except for slightly higher blood pressure and heart rate; in contrast, no adverse event was found in the acupuncture group. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 May 14;2018:2072091. doi: 10.1155/2018/2072091. eCollection 2018. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
30298094 Real acupuncture performed at point Large Intestine 4 (LI4) of the right hand (r-LI4) was shown to determine significant decreases of HR and LF/HF and a significant increase of HF, indicating a parasympathetic activation as well as sympathetic depression. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Sep 12;2018:8107508. doi: 10.1155/2018/8107508. eCollection 2018. Heart Rate Depression Review
30809158 For instance, acupuncture appears to modulate heart rate variability, a non-invasive indicator of changes in autonomic state. Front Psychiatry. 2019 Feb 12;10:14. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00014. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Review
30834020 Acupuncture treatment increased the total efficacy and the rate of AF cardioversion to sinus rhythm (RR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.53 vs RR: 1.40;95% CI: 1.16 to 1.69; each P < 0.05), and decreased the time of AF cardioversion to sinus rhythm, the heart rate and incidence of adverse effects (RR: -3.95; 95% CI: -4.98 to -2.91 vs RR: -14.54; 95% CI: -24.09 to -5.00 vs RR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.11, each P < 0.05). Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Jan 26;7(3):461-466. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.036. eCollection 2019 Feb 15. Heart Rate Adverse Reactions Review
30834020 Heart rate after acupuncture treatment: The studies showed heterogeneity (Chi2 = 66.55, I2 = 97%, P < 0.05); the combined effects using a random-effects model showed MD of -14.54 (95% CI: -24.09 to -5.00) and Z of 2.99 (P < 0.05). Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Jan 26;7(3):461-466. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.036. eCollection 2019 Feb 15. Heart Rate Review
30834020 Forest plot of the heart rate after acupuncture treatment Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Jan 26;7(3):461-466. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.036. eCollection 2019 Feb 15. Heart Rate Review
30834020 This study showed that the rate of restoration of sinus rhythm was enhanced, and the time for restore of AF sinus rhythm and heart rate after treatment were reduced, which further indicated that acupuncture had an obvious therapeutic effect on patients with AF. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Jan 26;7(3):461-466. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.036. eCollection 2019 Feb 15. Heart Rate Review
30834020 In conclusion, although fewer factors may affect the results of this meta-analysis, we believe that acupuncture can treat for AF, through improving conversion rate, slowing the heart rate, by reducing adverse drug reactions and the time of AF cardioversion to sinus rhythm. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Jan 26;7(3):461-466. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.036. eCollection 2019 Feb 15. Heart Rate Review
30855351 The acupuncture group showed that the changes in the mean arterial pressure and heart rate were significantly less than those in the control group, and the increases in plasma adrenaline and cortisol before and after lobectomy in the acupuncture group were also less than those in the control group, indicating that acupuncture could reduce the stress response. Chin Med J (Engl). 2019 Mar 20;132(6):707-715. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000123. Heart Rate Stress Response Review
30855351 TEAS experiments (TEAS at Yuyao [EX-HN4], Taiyang [EX-HN5], Hegu [LI4], and Fengchi [GB20] acupoints) compared the perioperative stress response of craniotomy, and confirmed that the heart rate and arterial pressure during the operation of electroacupuncture group were more stable than those of the control group. Chin Med J (Engl). 2019 Mar 20;132(6):707-715. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000123. Heart Rate Stress Response Review
30855351 It was reported that the manipulation of electroacupuncture in animal models improved gastric emptying, increased vagal activity and suppressed sympathetic activity assessed by spectral analysis of heart-rate variability. Chin Med J (Engl). 2019 Mar 20;132(6):707-715. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000123. Heart Rate Review
31567462 During acupuncture treatment, filiform needles are inserted into certain points on the body and stimulated with manual manipulation (twisting, pulling and pushing), heat, or electrical pulses (Figure 1). Cancer J. 2019 Sep/Oct;25(5):343-348. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000399. Heart Rate Review
31692669 In addition, saam acupuncture decreased end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), respiratory rate (RR), and pulse rate, and increased the peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) in ALS patients. Integr Med Res. 2019 Dec;8(4):234-239. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2019.08.003. Epub 2019 Aug 29. Heart Rate Review
31772597 Table 4 shows that the HR was inversely proportional to the length of each treatment; thus, the HR decreased with increasing length of acupuncture or moxibustion. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Oct 20;2019:6074967. doi: 10.1155/2019/6074967. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Review
31772597 However, the study also noted that a single acupuncture cannot reduce the resting sympathetic nerve activity of patients with HF, and the regulation of HR and blood pressure is not obvious. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Oct 20;2019:6074967. doi: 10.1155/2019/6074967. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
32100220 In healthy human volunteer subjects, acupuncture stimulation at Ximen (PC4) decreased heart rate, an effect that was attenuated by the administration of atropine and propranolol. Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Feb;26(1):61-74. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-00864-0. Epub 2020 Feb 25. Heart Rate Review
32100220 Therefore, the acupuncture-induced response of a decrease in heart rate was concluded to be a result of a reciprocal coordination of an increase in cardiac vagal activity and a decrease in cardiac sympathetic activity. Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Feb;26(1):61-74. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-00864-0. Epub 2020 Feb 25. Heart Rate Review
32215037 Studies must be concerning the effectiveness of acupuncture at ST36 for sepsis, regardless of method of acupuncture (electroacupuncture (EA) or manual acupuncture (MA)), EA waveform parameters, EA current density, EA pulse width, frequency, or course of treatment. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Review
32215037 We extracted details from each study as follows: (1) the first author's name and the publication year; (2) model of sepsis, model induction method details, anesthetized method, number of animals, animal species, sex, age, weight, comorbidities (such as hypertension, diabetes, and aged), and study design; (3) method of acupuncture, waveform parameters, current density, frequency, pulse width, course of treatment, intervention of control group, and supportive care for animals; and (4) outcome measures, outcomes assessments time, and intergroup differences. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Review
32215037 One study reported acupuncture at ST36 significantly improved left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular end systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular pressure maximum rising rate (dp/dt max), cardiac output (CO), and HR, determined by the left cardiac catheterization from the pulmonary vein. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Mar 7;2020:3620741. doi: 10.1155/2020/3620741. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Review
32523527 Studies show that manual acupuncture-like stimulation of a hindleg in rats modifies BP, heart rate, and the secretion rate of adrenal medullary catecholamine hormones (adrenaline and noradrenaline; Uchida et al.,). Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 May 25;12:138. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00138. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
32523527 Hsu) study, acupuncture at TF4 (shenmen acupoint, Figure 1) and EX-HN1 (Sishencong acupoint, Figure 1) reduced BP, slowed the heart rate and activated the vagal nerves. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 May 25;12:138. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00138. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
32523527 Although acupuncture plays a significant role in decreasing BP and heart rate in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, these responses are related to the activation of GABAergic neurons instead of opioid neurons (Uchida et al.,). Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 May 25;12:138. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00138. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
32684734 When it comes to the effects of acupuncture on modulating the cardiovascular system, stimulations of the limbs, chest, and abdomen all produce a similar effect in terms of heart rate and blood pressure, yet whether the effect is excited or suppressed depends on the intensity of the stimulus (or what type of fiber is activated) and the tissue structure (skin or muscle). World J Gastroenterol. 2020 Jun 21;26(23):3182-3200. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i23.3182. Heart Rate Cardiovascular Blood Pressure Review
32695647 A study focused on pre-operative needle acupuncture before local anesthesia dental procedures of the bilateral LI4 acupuncture points resulted in lower pain scores, lower heart rates, and increased satisfaction of patients and family members. J Tradit Complement Med. 2019 Aug 17;10(4):315-319. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.08.004. eCollection 2020 Jul. Heart Rate Review
33936242 Electroacupuncture (EA) therapy uses density wave, and its low-frequency pulse current stimulates acupoints through filiform needle. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Apr 15;2021:6677767. doi: 10.1155/2021/6677767. eCollection 2021. Heart Rate Review
34055020 Electro-acupuncture refers to a treatment in which the needle is connected to a trace of low-frequency pulsed current by an electroacupuncture machine and the needle obtains qi when it penetrates into the acupoint of the human body. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 May 17;2021:6678398. doi: 10.1155/2021/6678398. eCollection 2021. Heart Rate Review
34671411 In addition to items of ARRIVE and SYRCLE, acupuncture's details including acupuncture manipulation, treatment duration, if electroacupuncture is used, the frequency and intensity of pulse method, etc. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 11;2021:8171636. doi: 10.1155/2021/8171636. eCollection 2021. Heart Rate Review
35399635 TEAS is a method that combines transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy with acupuncture points, and it applies pulsed currents to the acupoints through an electrode sheet placed on the skin surface. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Apr 1;2022:9053930. doi: 10.1155/2022/9053930. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Review
35586692 The regulation of ED using acupuncture has the following objectives: to alleviate the local symptoms of the patients, such as erectile weakness and difficulty in maintaining an erection, to address the overall contributing symptoms, such as fatigue, insomnia, low appetite, and constipation, to identify the syndrome type in the patients according to tongue diagnosis and pulse diagnosis, and to select suitable acupoints for treatment. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 May 9;2022:4807271. doi: 10.1155/2022/4807271. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Insomnia Review
35911986 Besides, one more trial showed an acupuncture-induced decrease in heart rate response through electrocardiogram (ECG) during orthostatic stress, which indicated an increase in parasympathetic tone. Front Neurosci. 2022 Jul 15;16:918701. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.918701. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Review
36119472 Seven trials used auricular acupoint, seven trials used acupoint application, six trials used manual acupuncture, four trials used moxibustion, three trials used electroacupuncture (EA), three trials used transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS), two trials used acupoint injection, two trials used a fire needle, two trials used acupressure, and only one trial for each used plum-blossom needle tapping, low-frequency pulse, catgut-embedding therapy, thunder-fire moxibustion, thermal moxibustion, and Mongolian medicine warm acupuncture. Front Oncol. 2022 Sep 2;12:921151. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.921151. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Review
36148057 Based on co-occurrences and cluster analysis of 257 keywords, three research frontiers and hotspots were identified: acupuncture for blood pressure regulation, acupuncture for coronary heart disease, and acupuncture for regulation of heart rate. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Sep 6;9:920491. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.920491. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
36148057 The three most striking frontiers are acupuncture for blood pressure regulation and hypertensive heart disease, acupuncture for coronary heart disease, and acupuncture for regulation of heart rate. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Sep 6;9:920491. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.920491. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
36532179 Acupuncture can also improve autonomic function, increase heart rate variability, and participate in immune regulation and inflammation control. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Dec 1;13:1051324. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1051324. eCollection 2022. Immunity Heart Rate Review
36570846 An increasing number of studies have also demonstrated that acupuncture can regulate blood pressure, pupil size, skin conductance, skin temperature, heart rate (HR) and/or pulse rate, and heart rate variability (HRV) mediated by the ANS. Front Neurosci. 2022 Dec 8;16:1038945. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1038945. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Skin Temperature Review
36570846 By stimulating the hippocampus-NTS-vagus nerve pathway, electroacupuncture at HT7-HT5 can decrease HR, increase mean arterial pressure (MAP), and increase the HR-blood pressure product (RPP) in myocardial ischemia-susceptible rats. Front Neurosci. 2022 Dec 8;16:1038945. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1038945. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
36607887 Combined acupuncture-medicine anesthesia significantly increases the anesthesia significance rate, reduces the intraoperative heart rate, and blood pressure, and reduces the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jan 6;102(1):e32582. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032582. Heart Rate Adverse Reactions Blood Pressure Review
36607887 However, AA, which is developed from the traditional Chinese acupuncture analgesia, has an optimal analgesic effect by affecting the production and release of neurotransmitters, significantly controlling the increase in blood pressure and heart rate during surgery and reduces the cardiovascular response after cervical plexus block. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jan 6;102(1):e32582. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032582. Analgesic Effect Heart Rate Cardiovascular Blood Pressure Review
36607887 Meta-analysis of the RCTs comparing heart rate between acupuncture group and control group. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jan 6;102(1):e32582. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032582. Heart Rate Review
36607887 CPBA frequently and significantly increases the heart rate, and existing studies show that acupuncture anesthesia excites the vagus nerve, dilates blood vessels, reduces peripheral circulation resistance. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jan 6;102(1):e32582. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000032582. Heart Rate Circulation Review
36756246 Electroacupuncture is a method in which needles are inserted into acupoints to Deqi, and then low-frequency pulse currents are introduced to stimulate and adjust the Qi of the meridians using both needle and electrical stimulation to prevent and treat diseases. Front Neurol. 2023 Jan 23;14:1093849. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1093849. eCollection 2023. Heart Rate Review
37168651 Electrical stimulation therapies include artificial pacemakers (cardiac resynchronization therapy), deep brain stimulation, electroshock, electroacupuncture, pulsed radiofrequency therapy, spinal cord stimulation, intracranial direct current stimulation, TENS and vagus nerve stimulation. Biomed Rep. 2023 Apr 18;18(6):38. doi: 10.3892/br.2023.1621. eCollection 2023 Jun. Heart Rate Review
37168651 TENS has a similar mechanism of action to electroacupuncture for RH, with joint hypotension lowering by afferent nerves and their central regulation through electrical pulse stimulation of acupuncture points or ganglion areas. Biomed Rep. 2023 Apr 18;18(6):38. doi: 10.3892/br.2023.1621. eCollection 2023 Jun. Heart Rate Review
37332744 Forest plot comparing the (A) heart rate; (B) systolic blood pressure and (C) diastolic blood pressure during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) between acupuncture and control groups. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 2;10:1114485. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1114485. eCollection 2023. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Review
37397439 Although the physiological effects of at-VNS on the brain have not yet been fully elucidated, and studies are not homogeneous in their results due to the high risk of bias and unclear parameters, stimulation intensity, pulse width, waveform, or frequency and acupuncture points selection, there still exists a path between the auricular and neck branches to the superior brain areas related to at-VNS (Badran et al.,; Zhang et al.,). Front Neurosci. 2023 Jun 15;17:1151892. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1151892. eCollection 2023. Heart Rate Review
37849245 Electroacupuncture refers to a contemporary form of acupuncture in which pulsed current stimulation at varying frequencies and techniques is incorporated to enhance the therapeutic effects. Med Sci Monit. 2023 Oct 18;29:e941262. doi: 10.12659/MSM.941262. Heart Rate Review
37990288 Alternatively, the inserted needle can be stimulated by electric pulses known as electroacupuncture (EA). Bioelectron Med. 2023 Nov 22;9(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s42234-023-00130-5. Heart Rate Review
37998449 According to a recent study, significant parasympathetic nervous system activity was identified when heart rate variability (HRV) was measured after needling Shenmen and Zero points, indicating the role of auricular acupuncture in alleviating hypersensitivity-related symptoms accompanying PTSD associated with parasympathetic activity. Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Nov 14;11(22):2957. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11222957. Heart Rate Review
2487311 In acupuncture anesthesia, blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration were stable during operation, and blood loss was less than in epidural or local anesthesia. Fukushima J Med Sci. 1989 Dec;35(2):45-52. Heart Rate Bleeding Blood Pressure Clinic
15609591 OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of different anesthesia Methods on the cellular immune function and mean arterial pressure, heart rate in patients with abdominal tumor in the peri-operational period. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004 Nov;24(11):973-5. Immunity Heart Rate Clinic
18476416 The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), rate pressure product (RPP), cardiac output (CO), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and blood flow acceleration index (ACI) in Group A at T1 were all significantly lower (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but became significantly higher at T2 and T5 as compared with those of baseline (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), while no significant change of them was found in Group B. Moreover, MAP, RPP, SVR and ACI were significantly higher in Group A than those in Group B at T2 and T5 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2008 Mar;28(3):206-8. Heart Rate Blood Flow Clinic
19055289 The dosage of the narcotic, changes of both blood pressure and heart rate during operation, before and after extubation and the pain degree, etc. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2008 Nov;28(11):826-8. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
19055289 (2) Both blood pressure and heart rate during operation, before and after extubation in the observation group were lower than those before operation (P < 0.01), and both the blood pressure and heart rate during operation in the control group were lower than those before operation (P < 0.01). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2008 Nov;28(11):826-8. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
19055289 The blood pressure after extubation in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01), and the heart rate before and after extubation in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.01). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2008 Nov;28(11):826-8. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
21290841 Visual Analogue Score (VAS) was used to evaluate the pain extent after biopsy and blood pressure and heart rate were monitored before, during and after operation, separately. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2010 Dec;30(12):1015-7. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
21290841 Additionally, in group B, blood pressure and heart rate during and after operation were higher remarkably than those before operation (all P < 0.05). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2010 Dec;30(12):1015-7. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
21290841 Moreover, in group B, blood pressure during operation and heart rate during and after operation were all higher apparently than those in group A (all P < 0.05). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2010 Dec;30(12):1015-7. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
21290841 CONCLUSION: Acupuncture-assisted anesthesia alleviates apparently pain and discomforts during transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy via the perineum in patients and ensures the stability of blood pressure and heart rate. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2010 Dec;30(12):1015-7. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
21442823 Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), saturation of blood oxygen (SpO2), PetCO2, and the contents of plasma endothelin (ET), cortisol (Cor) were measured before anesthesia (T0) and after intubation cannula 5 min (T1), after pneumoperitoneum 5 min (T2) and 15 min (T3), and LC over (T4). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2011 Feb;31(2):155-7. Heart Rate Clinic
21442823 The reductions of MAP and HR in group G were larger than those in group T at T1 (P < 0.05). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2011 Feb;31(2):155-7. Heart Rate Clinic
21739700 In the observation group, the pain grades on the left side were lower than that on the right side (P<0.05), and the systolic blood pressure and the heart rate were lower than that in the control group when undergoing the 2nd radiofrequency ablation on the right side and on the left side, respectively (both P<0.05). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2011 Jun;31(6):543-6. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
22073889 The dosages of the anesthetics, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and bispectral index (BIS) of electroencephalogam during general anesthesia were recorded. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Oct;36(5):361-5. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
22073889 Compared to the RGA group, both HR and SBP values during trachea extubation in the GA+ 2 Hz/100 Hz-EA and GA + 100 Hz-EA groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Oct;36(5):361-5. Heart Rate Clinic
22073889 No significant differences were found between the GA+2 Hz/100 Hz-EA and RGA groups in the supplementary dose of fentanyl, between the GA+2 Hz-EA and RGA groups in HR and SBP values during trachea extubation, among the 4 groups in HR and SBP values before trachea extubation and in plasma adrenaline and cortisol levels (P > 0.05). Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Oct;36(5):361-5. Heart Rate Clinic
22295830 The change of ETsev value was recorded, the heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were observed, and the time from the end of operation to extubation, awake time were recorded adverse events such as restlessness, shivering, postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting, cases of respiratory depression, the analepsia quality, the time of first anus exhaust, the awaking of patient in operation and satisfactory of patients after surgery were recorded so as to evaluate the effect of acupuncture anesthesia. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Jan;32(1):59-64. Heart Rate Nausea and Vomiting Blood Pressure Depression Clinic
22295830 BP and HR had more stability in group II and group III, the best in group II. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Jan;32(1):59-64. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
22295830 It can decrease the dosage of anaesthetic, has a stable effect on HR and BP during the surgery and has a better quality of analepsia. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2012 Jan;32(1):59-64. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
23163146 [Contrast study of acupuncture anesthesia and local anesthesia: their effects on the blood pressure and the heart rate in chronic rhinitis patients accompanied inferior turbinate hypertrophy in low temperature radiofrequency ablation]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Heart Rate Hypothermia Blood Pressure Clinic
23163146 OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of acupuncture anesthesia (AA) and local anesthesia (LA) on the blood pressure (BP) and the heart rate (HR) in chronic rhinitis patients accompanied inferior turbinate hypertrophy in low temperature radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Heart Rate Hypothermia Blood Pressure Clinic
23163146 Their heart rate (HR), systolic pressure (SP), diastolic pressure (DP), and mean pressure (MP) were recorded and compared at 10 minutes after their entry into the operating room, immediately before surgery, intraoperation, and 5 min after operation. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Heart Rate Clinic
23163146 RESULTS: When compared with the control group at the same time points, the SP, DP, MP, and HR all decreased at intraoperation and 5 min after operation in the AA group. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Heart Rate Clinic
23163146 There was statistical difference in the SP on the right side at the 2nd melting point and the HR on the left side at the 2nd melting point between the two groups (P < 0.05). Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Heart Rate Clinic
23163146 When compared with the same group at 10 min after entry into the operating room and immediately before surgery, there was no statistical difference in the SP, DP, MP, or HR of the AA group at intraoperation and 5 min after operation (P > 0.05). Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Heart Rate Clinic
23163146 When compared with the same group at 10 min after entry into the operating room and immediately before surgery, there was no statistical difference in HR of the control group at intraoperation and 5 min after operation (P > 0.05). Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Heart Rate Clinic
23163146 CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing AA had less fluctuation of the BP and the HR, indicating AA had better analgesic effects. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2012 Oct;32(10):1358-60. Analgesic Effect Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
30369370 The additional propofol, fentanyl dosage, and changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure 5 min before and during extubation were compared between the two groups. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2018 Nov;28(11):817-820. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2018.11.817. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
30369370 There is no statistical difference in heart rate and systolic blood pressure between group A and group B at 5 minutes before and during extubation (p=0.151, 0.660 and 0.734, 0.528, respectively). J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2018 Nov;28(11):817-820. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2018.11.817. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
30369370 CONCLUSION: Combined 2 Hz, 2 Hz/100 Hz acupuncture anesthesia need few anesthetic dosages of propofol and fentanyl to stabilise the patient's blood pressure and heart rate when intubated under general anesthesia; but combined 2 Hz acupuncture anesthesia can reduce IL-4 and IL-10 levels during surgery stress to a greater extent than the latter, and can effectively lower patients' serum IL-4, IL-10 expression after surgery. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2018 Nov;28(11):817-820. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2018.11.817. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
36858243 The patients' vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, and pulse oxygen saturation, were recorded before, during, and after gastroscopy. Complement Ther Med. 2023 May;73:102936. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102936. Epub 2023 Feb 28. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
36858243 Patients in the EA group had a slower heart rate and lower blood pressure than those in the SA group. Complement Ther Med. 2023 May;73:102936. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102936. Epub 2023 Feb 28. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
22073889 The dosages of the anesthetics, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and bispectral index (BIS) of electroencephalogam during general anesthesia were recorded. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Oct;36(5):361-5. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
22073889 Compared to the RGA group, both HR and SBP values during trachea extubation in the GA+ 2 Hz/100 Hz-EA and GA + 100 Hz-EA groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Oct;36(5):361-5. Heart Rate Clinic
22073889 No significant differences were found between the GA+2 Hz/100 Hz-EA and RGA groups in the supplementary dose of fentanyl, between the GA+2 Hz-EA and RGA groups in HR and SBP values during trachea extubation, among the 4 groups in HR and SBP values before trachea extubation and in plasma adrenaline and cortisol levels (P > 0.05). Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2011 Oct;36(5):361-5. Heart Rate Clinic
22309902 RESULTS: During the three stages of liver transplantation, there were no significant differences in the hemodynamic measurements including the mean arterial pressure, heart rate and central venous pressure between the two groups (p>0.05). J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 2012 Feb;5(1):11-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jams.2011.11.001. Epub 2011 Dec 7. Heart Rate Clinic
15804591 RESULTS: When acupuncture analgesia was used, the pulse rate and blood pressure during surgery generally remained stable. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2005 Apr;33(2):118-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2004.10.003. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
11159266 Press-acupuncture needles were inserted at the respective auricular areas for 48 h. State anxiety, blood pressure, heart rate, and electrodermal activity were assessed at 30 min, 24 h, and 48 h after insertion. Anesth Analg. 2001 Feb;92(2):548-53. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200102000-00049. Heart Rate Anxiety Blood Pressure Clinic
11159266 Repeated-measures analysis of variance performed for electrodermal activity, blood pressure, and heart rate demonstrated no group differences (P = ns). Anesth Analg. 2001 Feb;92(2):548-53. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200102000-00049. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
2382806 There were significant increases in mean arterial pressure and respiratory rate during surgery, but no significant change in heart rate. Anaesthesia. 1990 Jun;45(6):480-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14341.x. Heart Rate Clinic
21346689 The anesthesiologists were asked to titrate fentanyl to keep the heart rate and blood pressure within 20% of baseline values. Clin J Pain. 2011 Mar-Apr;27(3):262-7. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e3181fd516c. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
12216602 The Bispectral Index monitor was used intraoperatively to monitor the hypnotic effect of anaesthetic drugs, and alfentanil was titrated to maintain the blood pressure and pulse rate within +/- 15% of basal values. Acupunct Med. 2002 Aug;20(2-3):56-65. doi: 10.1136/aim.20.2-3.56. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
25926298 The target concentration of sufentanil was adjusted and recorded according to mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and bispectral index (BIS). Acupunct Med. 2015 Aug;33(4):270-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010749. Epub 2015 Apr 29. Heart Rate Clinic
25926298 Continuous monitoring of MAP, HR and BIS showed stable values with no significant differences between the two groups (p>0.05). Acupunct Med. 2015 Aug;33(4):270-6. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010749. Epub 2015 Apr 29. Heart Rate Clinic
26365445 The secondary outcomes were SBP and DBP at follow-up; Euro Quality of life (EQ-5D), heart rate variability (HRV), body mass index (BMI), and blood lipid profile. Complement Ther Med. 2015 Oct;23(5):658-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.06.014. Epub 2015 Jul 15. Heart Rate Clinic
29925916 (3) The vagal activity, high frequency assessed from the spectral analysis of heart rate variability, was negatively correlated with time to resuming diet, whereas the sympathetic measurement, serum norepinephrine was positively correlated with time to resuming diet and time to flatus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Jul;113(7):1026-1035. doi: 10.1038/s41395-018-0156-y. Epub 2018 Jun 21. Heart Rate Clinic
24621826 We recorded the values of MAP, HR, BIS, CVP, cortisol, ACTH, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and arterial blood gas during the perioperative period. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Mar 12;20:406-12. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890111. Heart Rate Clinic
24621826 Other variables such as MAP, CVP, HR, BIS, blood gas analysis, and serum levels of cortisol and ACTH, are presented as mean ±SD and analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni tests (two-tailed) for normally distributed data or using a Kruskal-Wallis test (two-tailed) with a post hoc Bonferroni test for non-normally distributed data. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Mar 12;20:406-12. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890111. Heart Rate Clinic
24621826 The changes of MAP, CVP, HR, and BIS in the different groups Med Sci Monit. 2014 Mar 12;20:406-12. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890111. Heart Rate Clinic
24621826 Compared with group ETO, MAP and HR were decreased significantly at T1 (immediately after induction) in group PRO (* p<0.05, # p<0.001), and there were no significant differences in MAP and HR among groups ETO, ETO+EA, and ETO+SEA (Figures 1 and 2). Med Sci Monit. 2014 Mar 12;20:406-12. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890111. Heart Rate Clinic
24621826 The change of HR in the different groups: compared with group ETO, HR was decreased significantly at T1 point in group PRO (* p<0.05), and there were no significant differences in MAP and HR among group ETO, ETO+EA and ETO+SEA at any time point. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Mar 12;20:406-12. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890111. Heart Rate Clinic
24621826 The change of MAP in the different groups: compared with group ETO, HR was decreased significantly at T1 point in group PRO (# p<0.001), and no significant differences were found in MAP among group ETO, ETO+EA and ETO+SEA at any time point. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Mar 12;20:406-12. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890111. Heart Rate Clinic
25047046 ○ Vital signs (heart rate and blood pressure) at baseline Trials. 2014 Jul 21;15:292. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-292. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
25047046 ○ Vital signs (heart rate and blood pressure) Trials. 2014 Jul 21;15:292. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-292. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
25152761 The following information was recorded during operation: (1) patients' requests for analgesia indicated by raising their hand during the operation as the time of first raising the hand, the number of times the hand was raised for analgesia, the pain visual analogue scale (VAS) values indicated by the patients, and the dosage opium derivative analgesic given; (2) the vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial oxygen partial pressure; and (3) any relevant side effects induced by sedatives and opium derivative analgesic such as nausea, vomit, dizziness, and itching. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:592319. doi: 10.1155/2014/592319. Epub 2014 Jul 23. Heart Rate Side Effects Nausea and Vomiting Blood Pressure Clinic
25152761 The number of lithotripsy shock waves is usually programmed in accordance with the patient's heart rate and if the patient exhibits abnormal heart beats, medication is often administered to control the patient's heart rate within a normal range. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:592319. doi: 10.1155/2014/592319. Epub 2014 Jul 23. Heart Rate Clinic
29391879 We found no significant differences in mean heart rate (HR), mean oxygen saturation (SpO2), and partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) in the perioperative period between the two groups. Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. Heart Rate Clinic
29391879 For hemodynamics, we measured heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and PETCO2 immediately before anesthesia induction (T1), 1 min after intubation (T2), 5 min into the surgery (T3), and 10 min into the surgery (T4). Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. Heart Rate Hemodynamics Clinic
29391879 HR significantly decreased in T3 compared with T1 in both groups, but we found no significant differences between the two groups in HR, SpO2 (no hypoxemia occurred during the operation), and PETCO2 (<40 mmHg in both groups). Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. Heart Rate Clinic
29391879 In the perioperative period for subtotal gastrectomy, both the surgery and anesthesia can cause stress leading to increased HR, elevated blood pressure and other changes. Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
29391879 We show that the two anesthesia methods studied here caused no differences in SpO2, PETCO2 and HR. Oncol Lett. 2018 Jan;15(1):189-194. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.7262. Epub 2017 Oct 24. Heart Rate Clinic
36034956 The pain level (visual analogue scale (VAS)), physical and mental stress (heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), depression scale (PHQ-9), and anxiety scale (GAD-7)), complications, rehabilitation quality, and analgesia satisfaction were observed. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Anxiety Depression Clinic
36034956 The MAP, HR, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group 6 hours before operation (P < 0.05). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Clinic
36034956 There was no significant difference in MAP, HR, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores between the two groups at 6 hours and 24 hours after operation (P > 0.05). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Clinic
36034956 Physical and mental stress: heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at admission, 6 hours before surgery, and 6 hours and 24 hours after surgery, respectively, and psychological stress state was assessed by patient health questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety scale (GAD-7). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Anxiety Depression Clinic
36034956 There were no significant differences in MAP, HR, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores between the two groups on admission (P > 0.05). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Clinic
36034956 MAP, HR, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 6 hours before operation (P < 0.05). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Clinic
36034956 Besides, there were no significant differences in MAP, HR, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores between the two groups at 6 hours and 24 hours after surgery (P > 0.05). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Clinic
36034956 Therefore, this study based on patients with physical and mental stress monitoring found that MAP, HR, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores in the observation group at 6 hours before surgery were lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Clinic
36034956 These indicated that multimodal analgesia combined with auricular application therapy could decrease the degree of physical and mental stress through reducing the preoperative pain, showing that the blood pressure, HR, and anxiety depression were decreased. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Anxiety Blood Pressure Depression Clinic
36034956 However, this study showed that there were no significant differences in MAP, HR, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 scores between the two groups at 6 hours and 24 hours after surgery (P > 0.05). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 17;2022:3130956. doi: 10.1155/2022/3130956. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Clinic
22611431 At the operation room, all patients had standard monitoring in place (noninvasive arterial pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG), and pulse oximetry) and these baseline values were recorded. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:727121. doi: 10.1155/2012/727121. Epub 2012 Jan 31. Heart Rate Clinic
22611431 Atropine of 0.5xe2x80x89mg was given intravenously to treat bradycardia, defined as a decrease in heart rate to less than 50 beats minxe2x88x921. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:727121. doi: 10.1155/2012/727121. Epub 2012 Jan 31. Heart Rate Clinic
23342207 In addition, pain also stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, which causes an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, sweat production, endocrine hyper-function, and delays in the patient's recovery from surgery. Korean J Pain. 2013 Jan;26(1):46-50. doi: 10.3344/kjp.2013.26.1.46. Epub 2013 Jan 4. Heart Rate Endocrinology Blood Pressure Clinic
23342207 In the recovery room, the data collected dealt with first time requests of analgesics, the vital signs (such as blood pressure, heart rates, and blood oxygen level), and the VAS score. Korean J Pain. 2013 Jan;26(1):46-50. doi: 10.3344/kjp.2013.26.1.46. Epub 2013 Jan 4. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
15937559 The incidence of analgesia-related side effects, time to discharge from the anesthesia recovery room, heart rate and blood pressure were also recorded. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2005 Jun;2(2):185-189. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh097. Epub 2005 May 11. Heart Rate Side Effects Blood Pressure Clinic
15937559 Anesthesia was maintained by continuous infusions of propofol (4xe2x80x938 mg kgxe2x88x921 hxe2x88x921) to prevent spontaneous movements during surgery and to ensure that heart rate and mean arterial pressure were within 20% of baseline values. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2005 Jun;2(2):185-189. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh097. Epub 2005 May 11. Heart Rate Clinic
15937559 Heart rate and blood pressure were taken before and after the AA procedure, 30 min after tracheal intubation, 30 min after tracheal extubation and just before discharge. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2005 Jun;2(2):185-189. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh097. Epub 2005 May 11. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
15937559 Normally distributed continuous data (patient characteristics, pain intensity on VAS-100, duration of general anesthesia and night's sleep, time to discharge, heart rate and blood pressure) were compared using the unpaired Student's t-test. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2005 Jun;2(2):185-189. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh097. Epub 2005 May 11. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
15937559 Heart rate and blood pressure were similar in both groups during the course of monitoring (data not shown). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2005 Jun;2(2):185-189. doi: 10.1093/ecam/neh097. Epub 2005 May 11. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
23188543 Electrical stimulation, 2 Hz, 0.5 msec square wave pulses, was applied to ST-36 (negative) and PC-6 (positive). Ann Surg Oncol. 2013 Apr;20(4):1164-9. doi: 10.1245/s10434-012-2759-7. Epub 2012 Nov 28. Heart Rate Clinic
24137250 Once in surgery, the peripheral intravenous infusion was initiated, and noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP), heart rate (HR), oxygen pulse saturation (SpO2) and bispectral index (BIS) were monitored. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
24137250 The complete symmetric biphasic pulse was adopted. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. Heart Rate Clinic
24137250 The complete symmetric biphasic pulse was adopted. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. Heart Rate Clinic
24137250 Sufentanil concentration was adjusted to maintain the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR in the basic range of +10% to xe2x88x9220%. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. Heart Rate Clinic
24137250 In cases of hypotension (MAP <20% of baseline), bradycardia (HR <50 beats/min) or hypertension (MAP >10% of baseline values), 6 mg ephedrine, 0.5 mg atropine or 0.2xe2x80x930.5 mg nicardipine was administered, respectively. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. Heart Rate Clinic
24137250 Patient characteristics and surgical data are provided in Table I. There were no differences in the arterial blood pressure or HR among the groups prior to, during or after EAS. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep;6(3):699-702. doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1225. Epub 2013 Jul 16. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
26170873 Standard monitoring, including electrocardiogram, noninvasive blood pressure, pulse oximetry, and temperature, was used in all patients for the duration of surgery. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:324360. doi: 10.1155/2015/324360. Epub 2015 Jun 11. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
28658163 Electro-acupuncture is a burgeoning treatment using the needle inserting into the body acupoints and the low-frequency pulse current being electrified by an electric acupuncture machine. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Jun;96(26):e7375. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007375. Heart Rate Clinic
28658163 After entering the operating room, electrocardiogram (ECG), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (R), PetCO2, bispectral index (BIS), and invasive blood pressure of patients were recorded. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Jun;96(26):e7375. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007375. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
28658163 The entire course of anesthesia was maintained using propofol 4 to 6xe2x80x8amg/(kgh) and remifentanil 0.1 to 0.3xe2x80x8axcexbcg/(kgmin), which sustained the changing of BP and HR within 20% of the initial levels and the BIS value range from 40 to 60. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Jun;96(26):e7375. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007375. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
30425466 After entering the operating room, electrocardiogram, pulse oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide, bispectral index (BIS), and invasive blood pressure were continuously recorded in the both groups during the peri-operative period. Clin Interv Aging. 2018 Oct 24;13:2127-2134. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S183698. eCollection 2018. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
30425466 After the surgery, tracheal intubation was removed when patients regained consciousness, tidal volume was 8 mL/kg, and all hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure returned to the normal level. Clin Interv Aging. 2018 Oct 24;13:2127-2134. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S183698. eCollection 2018. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
33154688 TEAS treats disease through inputting a pulse current of different frequencies, intensities, and waveforms via electrode paste adhering to the skin. Nat Sci Sleep. 2020 Oct 27;12:809-819. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S270739. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Clinic
33154688 TEAS combines transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with traditional acupuncture to provide specific low-frequency pulse currents to the body through the skin. Nat Sci Sleep. 2020 Oct 27;12:809-819. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S270739. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Clinic
33488793 Upon arrival in the operating room, all patients were continuously monitored with electrocardiography, and the following parameters: Blood pressure, pulse oximetry, pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) and bispectral index (BIS) (cat. Exp Ther Med. 2021 Mar;21(3):184. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.9615. Epub 2021 Jan 7. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
36098938 Once the patient entered the operating room, vitals such as electrocardiograph (ECG), arterial blood pressure (ABP), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), and bispectral index (BIS) were recorded and monitored. Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
36098938 The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded before the onset of TEAS (T1), at the establishment of the pneumoperitoneum (T2), 1xc2xa0h after the beginning of the operation (T3), at the end of the operation (T4), and immediately after extubation (T5). Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. Heart Rate Clinic
36098938 a MAP (mmHg); b HR (beats per minute); MAP mean arterial blood pressure; HR heart rate; T1 before the onset of TEAS, T2 at the establishment of the pneumoperitoneum, T3 1xc2xa0h after the beginning of the operation, T4 the end of the operation, T5 immediately after extubation. Pain Ther. 2022 Dec;11(4):1327-1339. doi: 10.1007/s40122-022-00429-2. Epub 2022 Sep 13. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Clinic
30381011 The secondary outcomes were the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-xcexb1 (TNF-xcexb1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) at T0 to T5, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), the intraoperative consumption of propofol and remifentanil, the incidence of hypoxemia, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and the length of hospital stay. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. Heart Rate Nausea and Vomiting Clinic
30381011 Furthermore, the intraoperative MAP and HR were more stable, the total propofol and remifentanil consumptions were lower, and the length of hospital stay was shorter than those in group sham TEAS. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. Heart Rate Clinic
30381011 The patientxe2x80x99s temperature, heart rate (HR), electrocardiogram (lead II), pulse oximetry, and bispectral index (BIS; Model A 3000, Aspect Medical Systems, Inc, Natick, Massachusetts) were continuously monitored during the procedure. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. Heart Rate Clinic
30381011 The secondary outcomes were the serum levels of TNF-xcexb1 and IL-6, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR, the interoperative consumption of propofol and remifentanil, the incidence of hypoxemia, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the PACU, and the length of hospital stay. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. Heart Rate Nausea and Vomiting Clinic
30381011 Changes in MAP and HR Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. Heart Rate Clinic
30381011 Heart rate and mean arterial pressure changes between 2 groups. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. Heart Rate Clinic
30381011 The TEAS adds an electrical stimulation pulse to target acupoints using electrodes placed on the surface instead of acupuncture needles. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2018 Jan 1;17:1533033818806477. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477. Heart Rate Clinic
16173479 Heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), arterial blood oxygen saturation (Spo2) measured by use of pulse oximetry, esophageal body temperature, inspired and expired end-tidal isoflurane concentrations, end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration, and bispectral index (BIS) were monitored. Am J Vet Res. 2005 Aug;66(8):1364-70. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1364. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
16173479 The Spo2, heart rate, MAP, BIS, esophageal body temperature, and plasma cortisol concentration were not significantly different after AP, EA, TCES, and control treatments at any time interval. Am J Vet Res. 2005 Aug;66(8):1364-70. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2005.66.1364. Heart Rate Mechanism
15633814 We have previously shown that electroacupuncture (EA) at Shaohai and Neiguan (HT3-PC6) points significantly attenuated stress-induced peripheral responses, including increases in blood pressure, heart rate and plasma catecholamines. Am J Chin Med. 2004;32(5):795-806. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X04002405. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
15633814 EA (3 Hz, 0.2 ms rectangular pulses, 20 mA) at HT3-PC6 on the heart and pericardium channels for 30 minutes during stress, significantly attenuated stress-induced FLI in the parvocellular PVN, SON, SCN, AMe, LS and the LC. Am J Chin Med. 2004;32(5):795-806. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X04002405. Heart Rate Mechanism
16683181 Thirty minutes after the model was set, the heart rates of the combined-laser Neiguan group made quicker recoveries than those of the model control group, the laser-control group, or the single-laser Neiguan group (P<0.05), and the heart rates of the single-CO2-laser Neiguan group were similar to those of the normal group (P>0.05). Lasers Med Sci. 2006 Jul;21(2):61-6. doi: 10.1007/s10103-006-0371-4. Epub 2006 May 9. Heart Rate Mechanism
15312783 Using this model, induced by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into one hind paw, we systematically evaluated the anti-hyperalgesia of EA stimulation parameters (frequency, intensity, treatment duration, and pulse width). Brain Res. 2004 Sep 10;1020(1-2):18-29. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.01.092. Heart Rate Mechanism
22549008 Neither herbs nor EA altered heart rate or blood pressure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Dec;17(4):403-11. doi: 10.1177/1074248412443310. Epub 2012 May 1. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
6122716 In an attempt to more directly study this interaction, we have analyzed the effect of sciatic nerve stimulation (rectangular pulses, frequency 3 Hz, pulse duration 0.2 msec, current intensity 6-20 times muscle twitch threshold) on the in vivo rate of tyrosine-and tryptophanhydroxylation, respectively, in the rat brain. J Neural Transm. 1982;53(2-3):91-100. doi: 10.1007/BF01243400. Heart Rate Mechanism
19733189 We found that 30 min daily session of EA for a period of 4 days at the acupoint Zusanli (low burst frequency of 2 Hz, each pulse was a square electric wave and had a duration of 180, length of 0.1, and internal burst frequency of 80 Hz; intensity 1.0-1.5 mA) reverses the changes in the passive avoidance responses of isolated mice. Physiol Behav. 2009 Dec 7;98(5):537-42. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.08.011. Epub 2009 Sep 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
11405917 Mean arterial pressure, end-diastolic volume, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and end-systolic pressure gradually decreased by 5 to 10% over 1.5 h without Neiguan EA. Jpn J Physiol. 2001 Apr;51(2):231-8. doi: 10.2170/jjphysiol.51.231. Heart Rate Mechanism
29330044 Effects of acupuncture on the heart rate variability, cortisol levels and behavioural response induced by thunder sound in beagles. Physiol Behav. 2018 Mar 15;186:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.01.006. Epub 2018 Jan 9. Heart Rate Mechanism
29330044 Our study aims to evaluate the effects of acupuncture on cardiac autonomic modulation (heart rate variability - HRV), behavioural (reactivity) and endocrine (cortisol levels) responses in dogs exposed to sounds of thunder. Physiol Behav. 2018 Mar 15;186:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.01.006. Epub 2018 Jan 9. Heart Rate Endocrinology Mechanism
29330044 Acupuncture (ACUP) changed the sympathovagal balance with a shift towards parasympathetic modulation, reducing the prompt sound-induced increase in LF/HF (low frequency/high frequency) ratio and in the power of the LF band of the cardiac interval spectrum, and decreased the power of the HF band of the cardiac interval spectrum (p<0.05); however there was no change in the heart rate. Physiol Behav. 2018 Mar 15;186:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.01.006. Epub 2018 Jan 9. Heart Rate Mechanism
23156202 We found that electro-acupuncture could significantly increase PS2/PS 1 in pair pulse test (P <0.05, inter-pulse interval: 20ms and 90ms). Acupunct Electrother Res. 2012;37(2-3):89-101. doi: 10.3727/036012912x13831831256168. Heart Rate Mechanism
25335789 Rats in the EA group received EA (pulse width 5 ms; stimulation frequency 50 Hz; stimulation strength 20 muA; stimulation time 20 min) daily from 1 day following model preparation until the day of assessment (either 7 or 10 days after model preparation), when the region of interest was sampled to assess tendon repair using in vitro methods. Acupunct Med. 2015 Feb;33(1):58-64. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2014-010611. Epub 2014 Oct 21. Heart Rate Mechanism
15750372 Experiment 4: To determine the effects of EA treatment versus immobilization on such stress indicators as heart rate and blood pressure. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Feb;11(1):135-42. doi: 10.1089/acm.2005.11.135. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
7248823 Cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, central venous pressure, total peripheral resistance, [H+] (pH) PaCO2, PaO2 and base deficit were measured in each dog. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1981 Mar;28(2):129-35. doi: 10.1007/BF03007256. Heart Rate Mechanism
7248823 kg-1, administered alone as a single bolus, significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased cardiac output, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and significantly increased stroke volume and pulse pressure in dogs under halothane anaesthesia. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1981 Mar;28(2):129-35. doi: 10.1007/BF03007256. Heart Rate Mechanism
7248823 Acupuncture by electrocautery alone induced a significant increase in cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure with a significant decrease in total peripheral resistance following halothane. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1981 Mar;28(2):129-35. doi: 10.1007/BF03007256. Heart Rate Mechanism
7248823 Acupuncture at Jen Chung (Go-26) for 10 minutes following the intravenous administration of morphine caused a significant increase in cardiac output, heart rate and mean arterial pressure with a significant decrease in central venous pressure and total peripheral resistance during halothane anaesthesia. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1981 Mar;28(2):129-35. doi: 10.1007/BF03007256. Heart Rate Mechanism
7248823 The depressant effect of morphine on cardiac output, heart rate and mean arterial pressure in dogs under halothane anaesthesia appears to be reversed by acupuncture by electrocautery at Jen Chung (Go-26). Can Anaesth Soc J. 1981 Mar;28(2):129-35. doi: 10.1007/BF03007256. Heart Rate Mechanism
29487062 Heart rate variability (HRV) was used to measure the function of the autonomic nervous system before and after treatment. Acupunct Med. 2018 Apr;36(2):103-109. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011223. Epub 2018 Feb 27. Heart Rate Mechanism
29949710 Effect on glycemia in rats with type 2 diabetes induced by streptozotocin: low-frequency electro-pulse needling stimulated Weiwanxiashu (EX-B 3) and Zusanli (ST 36). J Tradit Chin Med. 2016 Dec;36(6):768-78. doi: 10.1016/s0254-6272(17)30013-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
29949710 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of low frequency electro-pulse acupuncture (EA) on blood glucose in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes, and the possible mechanism underlying the action. J Tradit Chin Med. 2016 Dec;36(6):768-78. doi: 10.1016/s0254-6272(17)30013-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
12269720 Stimulation of peripheral nerve afferent for example tibial nerve by a strong electrical stimulation (rectanfular wave with 20V amplitude; pulse duration of 0.5 ms, 0.3 pulses/sec) can evoke a discharge of the somato-sympathetic reflex which is recorded on the efferent of renal sympathetic nerve. Acupunct Electrother Res. 2002;27(2):119-27. doi: 10.3727/036012902816026059. Heart Rate Kidney Mechanism
36522251 AF inducibility and heart rate variability (HRV) were assessed by electrocardiogram. Neuromodulation. 2022 Dec 13:S1094-7159(22)01366-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.11.005. Heart Rate Mechanism
18460828 Each dog was separately kept in a cage, and repeatedly exposed to light for 12 hr and dark for 12 hr alternately. J Vet Med Sci. 2008 Apr;70(4):349-52. doi: 10.1292/jvms.70.349. Heart Rate Mechanism
18460828 Fixed subject dogs were stimulated by use of 5-V, 250-musec, 2-Hz biphasic square pulses for 15 min at the Xuan Shu (GV-5) and Bai Hui (GV-20) points on the spine. J Vet Med Sci. 2008 Apr;70(4):349-52. doi: 10.1292/jvms.70.349. Heart Rate Mechanism
18460828 After EA stimulation, electrocardiogram was recorded for 24 hr. J Vet Med Sci. 2008 Apr;70(4):349-52. doi: 10.1292/jvms.70.349. Heart Rate Mechanism
18460828 From the electrocardiogram data, the heart rate (HR), coefficient of variation in the R-R intervals (CVRR; index of autonomic nervous activity), power of high frequency component (HF; index of vagal nervous activity), and ratio of powers of the low and high frequency components (LF/HF; index of sympathetic nervous activity) were obtained. J Vet Med Sci. 2008 Apr;70(4):349-52. doi: 10.1292/jvms.70.349. Heart Rate Mechanism
18460828 However, there was no significant difference in HR, CVRR, or HF. J Vet Med Sci. 2008 Apr;70(4):349-52. doi: 10.1292/jvms.70.349. Heart Rate Mechanism
7869621 EA was performed by passing electric pulses (3 Hz, 0.1-msec duration, for 45 min) through acupuncture needles inserted into the Hoku-point. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;66(3):337-45. doi: 10.1254/jjp.66.337. Heart Rate Mechanism
34553613 Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure and monophasic action potential (MAP) of cardiac muscle in the outer membrane of the antetheca of the left ventricle before coronary artery ligation (T(0)), after coronary artery ligation for 30 min (T(1)) and after reperfusion for 30 min (T(2)) were recorded. Acupunct Med. 2022 Feb;40(1):89-98. doi: 10.1177/09645284211039229. Epub 2021 Sep 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
34553613 RESULTS: Compared with the SH group, the IR group showed an obviously decreased HR as well as reduced mean arterial pressure, V(max), CV, ERP and MAPA. Acupunct Med. 2022 Feb;40(1):89-98. doi: 10.1177/09645284211039229. Epub 2021 Sep 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
34553613 In comparison to the IR group, HR and the mean arterial pressure were increased. Acupunct Med. 2022 Feb;40(1):89-98. doi: 10.1177/09645284211039229. Epub 2021 Sep 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
32989889 Both the acupuncture and control group were restrained for 30 min in a head catch 12 hr apart for a total of four times. Reprod Domest Anim. 2020 Dec;55(12):1747-1755. doi: 10.1111/rda.13835. Epub 2020 Oct 27. Heart Rate Mechanism
28793984 Furthermore, systolic and diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure and heart rate were significantly reduced after acupuncture. Acupunct Med. 2017;35(5):374-382. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011170. Epub 2017 Aug 9. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
15992454 A single afferent fiber activated by acupuncture stimulation was identified by the identical shape of the discharge spikes during stimulation and during electrically evoked action potentials induced by single pulse electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Jpn J Physiol. 2005 Jun;55(3):149-55. doi: 10.2170/jjphysiol.R2120. Epub 2005 Jul 5. Heart Rate Mechanism
17322780 TCM diagnosis was performed by evaluation of clinical history and based on findings such as initial pain, tetraparesis, irregular estrus with a small amount of aqueous blood, weak femoral pulse, pale red tongue, the dog being chilly and having a large trunk, demonstrating aggressive behavior and chronic evolution of symptoms. J Vet Sci. 2007 Mar;8(1):95-8. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2007.8.1.95. Heart Rate Mechanism
17322780 TCM diagnosis indicated a Qi and Xue deficiency shown by a weak pulse and pale tongue combined with the characteristics of estrus. J Vet Sci. 2007 Mar;8(1):95-8. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2007.8.1.95. Heart Rate Mechanism
22984478 Once a batch of 6 rats was in place, SBP was recorded by the pulse recording sensor facility following a 5-min warm-up period. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. Heart Rate Mechanism
22984478 The protein samples of 160 µg were loaded into the tube gels and focused for 17 hr and 30 min to reach 18,000 Vh. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. Heart Rate Mechanism
22984478 The fixed solution was removed, and 500 ml of SYPRO® Ruby gel stain was added to each gel and incubated on a gently continuous rocker at room temperature for 16 hr. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. Heart Rate Mechanism
22984478 The membrane was incubated with synapsin-1 antibody (1∶1,000, Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO), or myelin basic protein antibody (1∶1,200, Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO) overnight at 4°C, rinsed with TBST buffer, and then incubated with anti-rabbit IgG (1∶5,000 Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) or anti-mouse IgG (1∶4,000 Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) for 1 hr at room temperature. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044216. Epub 2012 Sep 12. Heart Rate Mechanism
25139460 The right carotid artery was cannulated with a PE-50 catheter and connected to Hellige monitor instruments (Germany) to record mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Aug 16;20:1452-60. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890736. Heart Rate Mechanism
32761882 Rats were housed under a controlled temperature at 22 ± 2°C and were kept on 12 hr dark/light artificial cycle with food and water ad libitum. Brain Behav. 2020 Oct;10(10):e01781. doi: 10.1002/brb3.1781. Epub 2020 Aug 6. Heart Rate Mechanism
25282142 Acupuncture regulates autonomic nerve system functions (e.g., modulates blood pressure, heart rate, and sphincter intensity), immune system and inflammatory pathways, and endocrine system functions, such as the release of endorphins and NO, under different pathological conditions. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Oct 5;14:375. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-375. Immunity Heart Rate Endocrinology Blood Pressure Mechanism
34033703 Electro-acupuncture (EA) is a modification of acupuncture that stimulates acupoints with low-frequency pulsed electrical current. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021 Aug;56(8):2537-2545. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25466. Epub 2021 May 25. Heart Rate Mechanism
37435647 In this study, EA at the ST25, ST37, and LI11 acupoints combined with a pulse electrotherapy instrument was conducive to strengthen the stimulation of acupoints, enhance the sense of deqi, and improve the curative effect. J Neurophysiol. 2023 Aug 1;130(2):380-391. doi: 10.1152/jn.00156.2023. Epub 2023 Jul 12. Heart Rate Mechanism
37435647 Combined with a pulse electrotherapy instrument, we verified that acupuncture could regulate the intestinal function activities of the nervous system through the central CRH. J Neurophysiol. 2023 Aug 1;130(2):380-391. doi: 10.1152/jn.00156.2023. Epub 2023 Jul 12. Heart Rate Mechanism
35704659 The elevated luteinizing hormone(LH) pulse frequency, increased hypothalamic kisspeptin levels and increased activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neural network are typical characteristics among women with PCOS. PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Mechanism
35704659 Meanwhile, GnRH neuronal network generates pulse and surge modes of gonadotropin secretion critical for puberty. PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Mechanism
35704659 The needles were connected to an electrical stimulator (Schwa-Medico GmbH, Ehringshausen, Germany), and the rats were then stimulated with EA at a low frequency of 2 Hz with a 0.3 ms pulse length and a 2-mA current, leading to gentle muscle quivering. PLoS One. 2022 Jun 15;17(6):e0259609. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259609. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Mechanism
21796340 A pulse sequence using phase-locked cyclic motion-sensitizing gradients is employed to encode the motion as phases in the MR images. Pflugers Arch. 2011 Oct;462(4):587-97. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-0993-7. Epub 2011 Jul 28. Heart Rate Mechanism
21796340 In brief, 40 μg of expression plasmid was injected, followed by controlled electric pulses (30 V/20 ms duration) delivered by needle electrodes inserted into the skeletal muscle. Pflugers Arch. 2011 Oct;462(4):587-97. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-0993-7. Epub 2011 Jul 28. Heart Rate Mechanism
21796340 Contraction pulses and increase of Ca2+ transients are detected after a certain period of delay. Pflugers Arch. 2011 Oct;462(4):587-97. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-0993-7. Epub 2011 Jul 28. Heart Rate Mechanism
25342636 Electroacupuncture (EA) is a specific type of acupuncture in which needles are attached to a stimulator that produces continuous electric pulses. J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. Heart Rate Mechanism
25342636 They were housed in animal facilities maintained at 23°C with 60% humidity and a 12-hr light/dark cycle, with free access to food and tap water. J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. Heart Rate Mechanism
25342636 The brains were removed and post-fixed in the same fixative for 12 hr. J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Feb;77(2):167-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0400. Epub 2014 Oct 22. Heart Rate Mechanism
23173601 As we focused on laparotomy induced pain, indexes such as blood pressure, heart rate and breath during surgery were not included in the present study. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Nov 22;12:225. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-225. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
23173601 EA analgesia is achieved by integration of the wave, pulse width, frequency and intensity of stimulation on acupoints. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2012 Nov 22;12:225. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-225. Heart Rate Mechanism
26016857 Bidirectional square wave electrical pulses (0.2 ms duration, 100 Hz) designated as EA were given for a total of 30 min each day. J Neuroinflammation. 2015 May 28;12:103. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0302-z. Heart Rate Mechanism
26991319 For electroacupuncture (EAC) at ST36, electric stimulation was given at 1 volt, 1 Hz, with a 2-msec pulse duration for 30 min by using an isolated pulse stimulator (A-M System 2100, Carlsborg, USA). PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151882. eCollection 2016. Heart Rate Mechanism
36510338 Electroacupuncture (EA), which is widely used in clinical practice, refers to the pulse current input to acupoints based on needle acupuncture. Mol Pain. 2023 Jan-Dec;19:17448069221147792. doi: 10.1177/17448069221147792. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 Bidirectional square wave electrical pulses (0.2 ms duration, 100 Hz) or no electrical pluses (0 Hz), designated as EA, were given for a total of 30 min each day. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 On day 2 (2 hr. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 post MPTP injection), 3 (4 hr. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 post MPTP injection), 6 (2 hr. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 Striata collected on day 2 and 6 (2 hr. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 In our model, striatal H2O2 content increased significantly at 2 hr. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 after a single MPTP injection and reached its peak at 4 hr. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
21625423 Measurement of striatal H2O2 level at 4 hr. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19790. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019790. Epub 2011 May 23. Heart Rate Mechanism
15046638 The depth of anesthesia was continuously monitored by observing movements, blood pressure and heart rate. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2004 Mar 26;2:16. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-16. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
15046638 Needles from each side were then connected to an electrical stimulator (CEFAR ACUS 4, Cefar, Lund, Sweden) and were electrically stimulated with square wave pulses (0.18 ms duration) with alternating polarity. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2004 Mar 26;2:16. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-16. Heart Rate Mechanism
15046638 The effect of two different stimulation frequencies were evaluated in both the Control group and the PCO group in the following order; 1) low frequency of 2 Hz with burst pulses (a burst length of 0.1 s and a burst frequency of 80 Hz), 2) high frequency of 80 Hz. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2004 Mar 26;2:16. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-2-16. Heart Rate Mechanism
24980520 An electrical stimulator was connected to the two acupuncture needles (cathode to ST36 and anode to the other point), and train-pulses (2 Hz, 0.5 ms pulse duration, 0.2-0.3 mA) were then applied for 20 minutes. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Jun 30;14:211. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-211. Heart Rate Mechanism
28358020 Standard 1D 1H spectra were acquired with a water-suppressed CPMG pulse sequence. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 30;7:45580. doi: 10.1038/srep45580. Heart Rate Mechanism
32956833 Briefly, the rat was placed in a chamber, and an occluding cuff and a pneumatic pulse transducer were positioned on the base of the tail. Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Jan;91:683-694. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.016. Epub 2020 Sep 18. Heart Rate Mechanism
21872220 EA (10Hz, 2 mA, 0.4 ms pulse width for 30 minutes) was delivered by a stimulator (Electrostimulator 8-C, Pantheon Research Inc) via two electrodes on days 14, 16, 18 and 20 post-paclitaxel. Brain Res. 2011 Sep 26;1414:58-65. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.08.004. Epub 2011 Aug 7. Heart Rate Mechanism
29034548 The resulting pain was treated with 10 Hz/2 mA/0.4 ms pulse EA for 30 min at the equivalent of human acupoint GB30 (Huantiao) once every other day between days 14 and 26. Eur J Pain. 2018 Apr;22(4):679-690. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1132. Epub 2017 Oct 16. Heart Rate Mechanism
29034548 Then, EA was delivered by the stimulator via two electrodes at 10 Hz, 2 mA, 0.4 ms pulse width for 30 minutes on seven alternate days (14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26) post-paclitaxel. Eur J Pain. 2018 Apr;22(4):679-690. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1132. Epub 2017 Oct 16. Heart Rate Mechanism
29034548 The EA treatment (10 Hz, 2 mA / 30 min, 0.4 ms pulse) was given on days 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26 after paclitaxel injection. Eur J Pain. 2018 Apr;22(4):679-690. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1132. Epub 2017 Oct 16. Heart Rate Mechanism
31600836 Electrical stimulation of the CPu and Acb causes changes in blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate. J Comp Neurol. 2020 Apr;528(6):953-971. doi: 10.1002/cne.24789. Epub 2019 Nov 12. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
36003380 Positive and negative poles were applied with a pulse stimulator (Model KWD-8081; Ying Di, Guangdong, China) via stainless-steel acupuncture needles of 0.2 mm in diameter. Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 8;13:955581. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.955581. eCollection 2022. Heart Rate Mechanism
21695393 Twenty min of stimulation at10 Hz, 3 mA, 0.1 ms pulse width was applied bilaterally at GB30, once at the beginning and again at the end of a 2 h period. Neurochem Res. 2011 Nov;36(11):2104-10. doi: 10.1007/s11064-011-0534-y. Epub 2011 Jun 22. Heart Rate Mechanism
22524543 We found that CPA transiently (2 hr) inhibited noxious thermal sensitivity in the ipsilateral hindpaw of wild-type mice but did not affect thermal sensitivity in the contralateral hindpaw (Figure 1B). Mol Pain. 2012 Apr 23;8:28. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-28. Heart Rate Mechanism
22524543 The hindlimbs were removed and post-fixed for 24 hr at 4°C in 50 mL 4% PFA, washed for 6 h at room temperature in 50 mL PBS and decalcified with 50 mL Rapid Cal Immuno (BBC Biochemical) for 3 days at 4°C. Mol Pain. 2012 Apr 23;8:28. doi: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-28. Immunity Heart Rate Mechanism
36536227 Electroacupuncture involves continuous stimulation of the surrounding muscles with a low-frequency pulse and that induces muscle contraction. Vet Res Commun. 2023 Jun;47(2):879-884. doi: 10.1007/s11259-022-10051-4. Epub 2022 Dec 19. Heart Rate Mechanism
30906419 BP measurements showed that acupuncture significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30906419 BP and Heart Rate Measurements Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30906419 For BP and HR analysis, the system measured the mean values of these parameters for 2 hours in each measurement. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30906419 The BP and HR data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA with repeated measures, and followed by the Scheffe multiple-range test for post hoc assessment of individual means. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30906419 The Effects of Acupuncture on BP and HR in Rats Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30906419 HR also underwent a persistent decrease from day 4 in SHRs+Acu group (Figure 1(c)). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Mechanism
30906419 But the normal BP and HR of WKYs were not altered by acupuncture. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30906419 Consistent with previous studies, we selected LR3 and found that acupuncture significantly decreased the SBP, MBP, and HR in SHRs compared with WKYs, without any impact on normal BP. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30906419 (a) Systolic blood pressure; (b) mean arterial pressure; (c) heart rate. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Feb 18;2019:9541079. doi: 10.1155/2019/9541079. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
34782576 Input resistance was analyzed using a test pulse with 5 mV injection. Neural Regen Res. 2022 Jun;17(6):1310-1317. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.327355. Heart Rate Mechanism
25206406 Pulse frequency is one of the most important parameters in electroacupuncture intervention. Neural Regen Res. 2013 Apr 25;8(12):1122-31. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.12.007. Heart Rate Mechanism
34630618 ), the Huatuo SDZ-V pulse acupuncture therapy instrument (Shanghai Huayi Medical Instrument Co., Ltd. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. Heart Rate Mechanism
34630618 The optimal water suppression effect was obtained by adjusting pulse excitation angle in the sequence. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Oct 1;2021:7992688. doi: 10.1155/2021/7992688. eCollection 2021. Heart Rate Mechanism
31447579 Mice were treated (i.p., 10 mg/kg for both drugs) with netupitant or SB203580 daily from day 1, alone or concomitantly with EA (frequency: 4 Hz for the first three sessions followed by 10 Hz for the last session, pulse width: 100 μs, duration: 30 min/session) on day 0 and subsequently on days 3, 6, and 9. J Pain Res. 2019 Aug 1;12:2419-2426. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210196. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Mechanism
26623337 Some studies evaluated the effect of low-intensity pulsed produced by ultrasound, on callus maturation of rabbit bone defect healing and stated that an increase in density of callus was observed and an improvement in cortical bone healing were observed during the study. Open Vet J. 2014;4(1):44-50. Epub 2014 Apr 25. Heart Rate Mechanism
26623337 Then, they concluded that ultrasound pulses generated can shorten the time required for bone maturity (Hantes et al., 2004; Tobita et al., 2011). Open Vet J. 2014;4(1):44-50. Epub 2014 Apr 25. Heart Rate Mechanism
34472492 Electroacupuncture therapy is a method of combining acupuncture and electrical stimulation via the filiform needles which have been inserted into the body points, using a stable frequency pulse current through the electroacupuncture therapeutic apparatus. Neural Regen Res. 2022 Apr;17(4):905-910. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.322477. Heart Rate Mechanism
24803946 Meanwhile, in TAES, electrical pulses are delivered on the skin of the acupoints via electrode. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:431580. doi: 10.1155/2014/431580. Epub 2014 Apr 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
24803946 The stimulation pulse is regulated by the following parameters: amplitude (magnitude of current), duration, frequency, wave form, and duty cycle. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:431580. doi: 10.1155/2014/431580. Epub 2014 Apr 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
24803946 We hypothesized that, in EA group, electrical pulses were delivered on the needles inserted into the acupoints, and in TAES group, only mild electric pulses were delivered on the skin of the acupoints. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:431580. doi: 10.1155/2014/431580. Epub 2014 Apr 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
30872987 Briefly, the restrained rats were placed in a chamber kept at 27°C, and an occluding cuff and a pneumatic pulse transducer were positioned on the base of the rat tail. Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Mechanism
30872987 Bupivacaine, but not collagenase, inhibited the acupuncture effects of PC6 (D) on elevated systolic blood pressure in rats (E,F) Representative pulse signals measured from tail (E) *p < 0.05 vs. Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 20;13:110. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00110. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
28806763 Stat5fl/fl and Stat5NKO mice were housed at 23 ± 1°C in a 12 hr light/dark cycle with free access to water and chow food. PLoS One. 2017 Aug 14;12(8):e0181948. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181948. eCollection 2017. Heart Rate Mechanism
26064171 The following electromagnetic beams are chosen for use in quantum therapy devices: low intensity, coherent, and super pulsed laser beams with a wavelength of 905 nanometer; wideband pulsed infrared beams with wavelengths between 890 and 960 nanometer; pulsed visible red light with wavelengths between 640 and 740 nanometer; constant magnetic field with an intensity of 35 millitesla. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:687196. doi: 10.1155/2015/687196. Epub 2015 May 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
26064171 The pulsed noncoherent infrared beams possess a wider spectral band with lower penetration abilities, affecting a variety of reflexogen regions, and exhibit a strong regulatory effect on the healthy central nervous and vegetative nervous systems. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:687196. doi: 10.1155/2015/687196. Epub 2015 May 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
26064171 Pulsed red light, with even lower penetration characteristics than with infrared light, reduces the intensity of inflammation in articular structures, particularly in porous tissues. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:687196. doi: 10.1155/2015/687196. Epub 2015 May 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
25206545 For electroacupuncture stimulation, constant-current square-wave electrical stimulation generated by a programmed pulse generator (LH200, Beijing Huawei Industrial Developing Company, Beijing, China) was given via the two needles for 30 minutes. Neural Regen Res. 2013 Sep 5;8(25):2350-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.25.006. Heart Rate Mechanism
37128191 Mice in the MPTP + EA group received electrical stimulation using an A385 constant current stimulus isolator (WPI, Sarasota, FL, USA) at an intensity of 1.5 mA, frequency of 2 Hz, and pulse width of 100 ms for 20 min. J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 11;13(3):263-269. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 May. Heart Rate Mechanism
28600329 However, new clinical data have shown that a pulsed radiofrequency current applied to the DRG may reduce pain intensity in patients with complex regional pain syndrome or lumbosacral radicular syndrome. Acupunct Med. 2017 Aug;35(4):276-283. doi: 10.1136/acupmed-2016-011177. Epub 2017 Jun 9. Heart Rate Mechanism
33062027 Electroacupuncture, a type of acupuncture, applies a pulsed current to the needle, which acts on the body's meridian and acupoints to treat diseases. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020 Sep 24;2020:8764507. doi: 10.1155/2020/8764507. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Mechanism
28672900 The EA parameters were adopted as follows: Square wave current output (pulse width, 0.2 msec); stimulation intensities of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mA, each for 15 min in sequence; stimulation frequency of 100 Hz. Exp Ther Med. 2017 Jul;14(1):107-114. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.4479. Epub 2017 May 19. Heart Rate Mechanism
25206727 Sensory nerve pulses reach the spinal cord, brainstem, hypothalamus and upper cortex via the ganglia. Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. Heart Rate Mechanism
25206727 Pulses emitted by sensory nerves connected to interneurons adjusted motor neuron activity in the brainstem and hypothalamus, resulting in altering autonomic function. Neural Regen Res. 2013 Mar 25;8(9):802-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.09.004. Heart Rate Mechanism
18830446 Heart rate, respiratory rate, head height and degree of sedation were measured before and at 30, 60 and 90 min after treatments. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Sedation Mechanism
18830446 Heart rate remained unchanged in all groups. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Mechanism
18830446 However, clinical and experimental studies suggest that during AP session a certain degree of sedation and a transitory reduction in heart rate is observed. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Sedation Mechanism
18830446 The following measurements were performed before and at 30, 60 and 90 min after treatments: heart rate (with a stethoscope), respiratory rate (by observation of the thoracic movements), head height (distance from the floor to the animal's muzzle) and degree of sedation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Sedation Mechanism
18830446 Heart Rate Did Not Change Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Mechanism
18830446 The heart rate remained unchanged in all groups (data not shown). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Mechanism
18830446 The uniform values of heart rate observed in the negative control group (C) during the study (data not shown) supports the fact that there were no environmental interferences in the animals' behavior. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Mechanism
18830446 Although a transient reduction in heart rate induced by AP or by a somatosensory stimulus in humans and animals have already been documented, this was not the case in the present study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Sep;5(3):267-72. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nel096. Heart Rate Mechanism
28837077 EA stimuli were delivered by an EA Trio 300 stimulator (Ito Co., Ito, Japan) at 1 mA intensities for 20 min duration at a frequency of 0 or 50 Hz, with a pulse width of 150 µs. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Aug 24;18(9):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091846. Heart Rate Mechanism
22369266 The stimuli were generated by a constant current pulse generator model EL-608 (NKL, Brusque, SC, Brazil) and applied for 20 min to both hind legs simultaneously. Chin Med. 2012 Feb 27;7:3. doi: 10.1186/1749-8546-7-3. Heart Rate Mechanism
24757373 After being washed in PBS, sections were incubated with biotinylated secondary antibody (biotinylated anti-rabbit IgG, 1:200, Vector, Burlingame, CA, US) for two hr, followed by treatment using the ABC kit (Vector, Burlingame, CA, US) for 1 hr. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;18(2):121-7. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.121. Epub 2014 Apr 3. Heart Rate Mechanism
28860844 The slices were stimulated with single test pulses every 30 s for at least 30 minutes, followed by Theta-burst stimulation (TBS) and 60 minutes of test stimulation. J Pain Res. 2017 Aug 8;10:1887-1897. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S140840. eCollection 2017. Heart Rate Mechanism
28860844 All TBS contained 12 bursts at 200 ms interstimulation intervals and was repeated two times with 10 s intervals; each burst consisted of four pulses of 100 Hz. J Pain Res. 2017 Aug 8;10:1887-1897. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S140840. eCollection 2017. Heart Rate Mechanism
31045558 LTP induced with high frequency stimulation (HFS) (200 Hz), a total of 3 string stimulations, each stimulus consisted of 20 pulses with a 30 min interval between the strings. Technol Health Care. 2019;27(S1):425-443. doi: 10.3233/THC-199038. Heart Rate Mechanism
31045558 As the most commonly used traditional treatment for neurological diseases, electroacupuncture is to give a suitable pulse current while acupoints treatment,it can improve the spatial learning and memory ability of patients with PTSD, and may have protective effects on hippocampal neurons . Technol Health Care. 2019;27(S1):425-443. doi: 10.3233/THC-199038. Heart Rate Learning and Memory Ability Mechanism
18955337 Together with the multiparametric brain function measurement signals, additional parameters were recorded: heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation on the upper side of the snout (Oximax, Nellcor N-595, Tyco Healthcare Group, Pleasanton, USA; comp. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2010 Jun;7(2):151-5. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nen034. Epub 2008 Nov 5. Heart Rate Mechanism
27411565 The acupuncture needle was inserted to the depth of 5 mm and stimulated with a train pulse (0.3 ms, 0.07 mA) for 30 min by an electrical stimulator (Nihon Kohden). BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Jul 13;16:212. doi: 10.1186/s12906-016-1204-z. Heart Rate Mechanism
35656078 After arrival, the mice were housed in a room under a 12/12 hr light/dark cycle with water and food available ad libitum. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. Heart Rate Mechanism
35656078 The membrane was blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBS-T buffer (10 mM Tris pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 0.1% Tween 20), incubated with primary antibodies (1:1000, Alomone, Jerusalem, Israel): anti-tubulin, anti-TRPV1, anti-Nav1.7, anti-Nav1.8, anti-RAGE, anti-pmTOR, anti-pPI3K, anti-pAkt, anti-pERK, anti-pS100B, anti- pNFκB, anti-pCREB, anti-pPKC or anti-pPKA in TBS-T and 1% bovine serum albumin, and incubated for 1 hr at room temperature. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. Heart Rate Mechanism
35656078 The samples were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and then incubated with a blocking solution consisting of 3% BSA, 0.1% Triton X-100, and 0.02% sodium azide, for 1 hr at room temperature. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. Heart Rate Mechanism
35656078 The samples were then incubated with the secondary antibody (1:500), 488-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-rabbit IgG (H + L), 594-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-goat IgG (H + L), and Peroxidase-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-mouse IgG (H + L) for 2 hr at room temperature before being fixed with coverslips for immunofluorescence visualization. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2022 Apr;25(4):451-459. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.60121.13327. Immunity Heart Rate Mechanism
33193035 The parameters were set as follows: 100 Hz, square wave current output (pulse width: 0.2 ms). Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 30;11:580997. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580997. eCollection 2020. Heart Rate Mechanism
22110373 Electrical stimulation was performed using a Pulse Generator PG-306 (Suzuki Iryoki Co. Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):144-52. doi: 10.5607/en.2011.20.3.144. Epub 2011 Sep 20. Heart Rate Mechanism
22110373 Biphasic pulse electrical stimuli 0.25 ms width with 2- or 120-Hz frequencies were applied at an intensity of the muscle twitch threshold (the muscle twitch threshold was about 0.01 mA) to the acupuncture point. Exp Neurobiol. 2011 Sep;20(3):144-52. doi: 10.5607/en.2011.20.3.144. Epub 2011 Sep 20. Heart Rate Mechanism
22553490 Individual pulses were symmetric, bi-phasic square wave pulses with alternating polarities and a pulse duration of 0.25 ms. Spermatogenesis. 2012 Jan 1;2(1):53-62. doi: 10.4161/spmg.19282. Heart Rate Mechanism
27942989 A single-shot FL pulse with an energy of 300 μJ/pulse was picked up from a laser pulse train generated by a regeneratively amplified FL system (Spectra Physics, Hurricane, 800 nm, 150 fs, 20 Hz) and was focused on the target with a convex lens with a focal length of 150 mm. Lasers Med Sci. 2017 Dec;32(9):2167-2171. doi: 10.1007/s10103-016-2124-3. Epub 2016 Dec 10. Heart Rate Mechanism
38164490 The rodents were hosted in a 12 hr light/dark period. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. Heart Rate Mechanism
38164490 The sections were further nurtured with blocking in 3% BSA, 0.1% Triton X-100, and 0.02% sodium azide, for 1 hr. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. Heart Rate Mechanism
38164490 The slices were next nurtured with the secondary antibody (1:500), 488-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-rabbit IgG (H + L), 594-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-goat IgG (H + L), and Peroxidase-conjugated AffiniPure donkey anti-mouse IgG (H + L) for 2 hr at room temperature. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2024;27(1):66-73. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.71431.15534. Heart Rate Mechanism
29623933 A universal pulse therapeutic apparatus (Model G-6805-2; Shanghai Medical Electronic Apparatus, Shanghai, China) with a frequency of 5 Hz was connected and the acupoints were stimulated with intermittent waves with a 20-mA current. Neural Regen Res. 2018 Mar;13(3):477-483. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.228731. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 For electrical acupuncture (EA) mode, electrical stimulation (2 Hz, 0.5 mA, 0.1 ms, triangular pulses) was applied to the needles for 10 min. J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 Mechanical force (middle panel) and electrical pulse (lower panel) measured by a force transducer and an oscilloscope, respectively. J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 For EA stimulation, electrical stimulation (2 Hz, 0.5 mA, 0.1 ms, triangular pulses) was applied to the needles for 10 min. J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 Briefly, the rat was placed in a chamber kept at 27 °C, and an occluding cuff and a pneumatic pulse transducer were positioned on the base of the tail. J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 After 2 min of electrical acupuncture stimulation (EA; 2 Hz, 0.5 mA, 0.1 ms, triangular pulses), single-unit discharges were recorded for 5 min. J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 The MEA generated a force of approximately 1.2 g for 6 s every 30 s in MA mode and repetitive pulses of 2 Hz, triangular pulse, 1.5 ms width and 0.5 mA in EA mode, respectively (Fig. 1d). J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 f Representative pulse signals measured on the time points of 120 min after stimulation. J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 Representative pulse signals measured on the time points of 120 min after stimulation (b) and injection sites verified by toluidine blue stain (c). J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
32039692 showed that increasing the pulse duration augments the reduction in arterial pressure and sympathetic nerve activity during electrical acupuncture at acupoints of hindlimb (i.e., Zusanli and Xiajuxu acupoints) and suggested that pulse durations shorter than 2.5 ms did not change arterial pressure and sympathetic nerve activity, whereas durations over 2.5 ms decreased both the parameters immediately after the stimulation was started. J Physiol Sci. 2020 Feb 6;70(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s12576-020-00735-4. Heart Rate Mechanism
23573131 These include an overall examination of the various types of electrical stimulation (continuous or pulsed), meridian acupoints, the stimulation parameters, the sites for the placement of electrodes, and most importantly the length of the nerve gap, which may affect the efficacy of electrical stimulation on nerve regeneration. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:514610. doi: 10.1155/2013/514610. Epub 2013 Mar 12. Heart Rate Mechanism
25887143 Heart rate and blood pressure were continuously monitored and body temperature was maintained around 37°C by means of a feedback- controlled homeothermic blanket. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Mar 27;15:87. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0625-4. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
31275411 The sterile and single-used acupuncture needles (0.30 mm×25 mm) were purchased from Beijing Zhongyan Taihe Medical Instrument Co., Ltd (Beijing, China), whereas electro pulse acupuncture therapeutic apparatus (YINGDI KWD-808) was obtained from Changzhou Yingdi Electronic Medical Devices Co., Ltd. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Jun 2;2019:4958294. doi: 10.1155/2019/4958294. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Mechanism
31275411 Subsequently, electroacupuncture was applied to the same acupoint using YINGDI KWD-808 electro pulse acupuncture therapeutic apparatus at a frequency of 2 Hz/15 Hz and an intensity of 1.5 mA for 20 minutes. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Jun 2;2019:4958294. doi: 10.1155/2019/4958294. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Mechanism
36116306 There was no difference in blood pressure, pulse rate, hematological indexes and biochemical indexes of patients before and after using the treatment regimen. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2022 Oct;99:107600. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107600. Epub 2022 Sep 7. Heart Rate Blood Pressure Mechanism
30766475 The T2WI images were acquired with fast spin-echo pulse sequence, repetition time (TR) = 3930 ms, echo time (TE) = 35 ms, image size = 256 × 256, field of view (FOV) = 20 min × 20 mm. Front Neurosci. 2019 Jan 31;13:37. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00037. eCollection 2019. Heart Rate Mechanism