It remains poorly understood what and how changes in brain activity from chronic fentanyl use influences the respective behavioral outcome. We examined the functional and molecular changes to cortical neural network activity following sub-chronic exposure to two fentanyl concentrations, a low (0.01 µM) and high (10 µM) dose from primary rat co-cultures, containing cortical neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocyte-lineage cell.

C3, Il1a, Lcn2, S100a8, Vcam1, Ccl2, Ccl20, Ccl7, Cxcl10, Cxcl11, Cxcl12, Cxcl13, Pf4, Fgr, Ptx3, Slc11a1, Tlr2, Grim1, Grim3, Akap5
Col3a1, Itga11, Mmp2, Loxl1, Col15a1, Adamts14, Grem1, Lox, Loxl2, Mmp9, Hcrtr1, Nts, Prlhr, Sorcs3, Ednrb, Nppc, Pthlh, Sema3a, Vegfa, Cckbr
Ednrb, Hcrtr1, Mas1, Prlhr