HTLV1 Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HTLV1 Mutation A221V


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site A221V
Mutation Site Sentence Table 3. Genetic polymorphism in HTLV-1 tax
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region tax
Standardized Encoding Gene tax  
Genotype/Subtype Transcontinental
Viral Reference J02029
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment -
Location -
Literature Information
PMID 34494950
Title Polymorphisms in HTLV-1 Tax-responsive elements in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis patients are associated with reduced proviral load but not with disease progression
Author Gomes YCP,Silva MTT,Leite ACCB,Lima MASD,Araujo AQC,Silva Filho IL,Vicente ACP,Espindola OM
Journal The Journal of general virology
Journal Info 2021 Sep;102(9)
Abstract Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) provirus expression is mainly directed by Tax-responsive elements (TRE) within the long terminal repeats (LTR). Mutations in TRE can reduce provirus expression and since a high proviral load (PVL) is a risk factor for the development of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), we evaluated polymorphisms in the 5' LTR and the association with PVL and disease progression. HTLV-1 LTR and tax sequences derived from asymptomatic carriers (AC) and HAM/TSP patients followed in a longitudinal study were analysed according to PVL and clinical severity. Individuals infected with HTLV-1 presenting the canonical TRE, considering strain ATK-1 as the consensus, displayed sustained higher PVL. By contrast, an LTR A125G mutation in TRE was associated with slightly reduced PVL only in HAM/TSP patients, although it did not influence the speed of disease progression. Moreover, this polymorphism was frequent in Latin American strains of the HTLV-1 Cosmopolitan Transcontinental subtype. Therefore, polymorphisms in the 5' TRE of HTLV-1 may represent one of the factors influencing PVL in HAM/TSP patients, especially in the Latin American population. Indeed, higher PVL in the peripheral blood has been associated with an increased inflammatory activity in the spinal cord and to a poorer prognosis in HAM/TSP. However, this event was not associated with TRE polymorphisms.
Sequence Data MK940595-MK940668; MF277043-MF277122
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.