HTLV1 Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HTLV1 Mutation C26S


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site C26S
Mutation Site Sentence Table 3
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region env
Standardized Encoding Gene env  
Genotype/Subtype -
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HTLV-1 Infection    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment -
Location Brazil
Literature Information
PMID 29716616
Title Stability of the HTLV-1 glycoprotein 46 (gp46) gene in an endemic region of the Brazilian Amazon and the presence of a significant mutation (N93D) in symptomatic patients
Author Socorro de Almeida Viana MND,Santos Nobre AF,Costa E Jr,Silva IC,Pinheiro BT,Pereira CCC,de Souza Canto Ferreira L,de Almeida DS,de Araujo MWL,da Silva Borges M,da Costa CA,Ishikawa EAY,Ferrari SF,Silva de Sousa M
Journal Virology journal
Journal Info 2018 May 2;15(1):80
Abstract BACKGROUND: The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) affects 2-5 million people worldwide, and is associated with a number of degenerative and infectious diseases. The Envelope glycoproteins (gp) are highly conserved among the different HTLV-1 isolates, although nucleotide substitutions in the region that codifies these proteins may influence both the infectivity and the replication of the virus. The gp46 gene has functional domains which have been associated with the inhibition of the formation of the syncytium, cell-cell transmission, and the production of antibodies. The present study investigated the genetic stability of the gp46 gene of HTLV-1 in an endemic region of Brazilian Amazonia. METHODS: Index case (IC - a sample of a given family group) carriers of HTLV-1 were investigated in the metropolitan region of Belem (Para, Brazil) between January 2010 (registered retrospectively) and December 2015. The sequences that codify the gp46 were amplified by PCR, purified and sequenced (MF084788-MF084825). The gene was characterized using bioinformatics and Bayesian Inference. RESULTS: The 40 patients analyzed had a mean age of 45.2 years and 70% presented some type of symptom, with a predominance of pain and sensitivity, dysautonomia, and motor disorders. All patients presented the aA (Transcontinental Cosmopolitan) genotype, with an extremely low mutation rate, which is characteristic of the codifying region (aA - 1.83 x 10-(4) mutations per site per year). The gp46 gene had a nucleotide diversity of between 0.00% and 2.0%. Amino acid mutations were present in 66.6% of the samples of individuals with signs/symptoms or diseases associated with HTLV-1 (p = 0.0091). Of the three most frequent mutations, the previously undescribed N93D mutant was invariably associated with symptomatic cases. CONCLUSIONS: The aA HTLV-1 subtype is predominant in the metropolitan region of Belem and presented a high degree of genetic stability in the codifying region. The rare N93D amino acid mutation may be associated with the clinical manifestations of this viral infection. IMPORTANCE: Little is known of the phylogeny of HTLV-1 in the endemic region of Brazilian Amazonia, and few complete gene sequences are available for the gp46 glycoprotein from the local population. The nucleotide sequences of the viral gp46 gene recorded in the present study confirmed the genetic stability of the region, and pointed to a homogeneous viral group, with local geographic characteristics. Further research will be necessary to more fully understand the molecular diversity of this protein, given the potential of this codifying region as a model for an effective HTLV-1 vaccine. The identification of a rare mutation (N93D), present only in symptomatic patients, should also be investigated further as a potential clinical marker. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN 12345678, registered 28 September 2014.
Sequence Data MF084788-MF084825
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.