IV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation IV Mutation D513E


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site D513E
Mutation Site Sentence When compared to the WHO recommended vaccine strain A/Darwin/6/2021 for the NH influenza seasons of 2022-2023 and 2023-2024, our genomes from Subclade 2a1b.2a.2a.3 exhibited the following amino acid substitutions: G53N, N96S-ADD-GLY, I192F, N378S and D513E.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region
Standardized Encoding Gene
Genotype/Subtype H3N2
Viral Reference EPI_ISL_3534319
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease Influenza A    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment -
Location Bhutan
Literature Information
PMID 39443295
Title Evolution of Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses in Bhutan for Two Consecutive Years, 2022 and 2023
Author Dorji T,Dorji K,Gyeltshen S
Journal Influenza and other respiratory viruses
Journal Info 2024 Oct;18(10):e70028
Abstract BACKGROUND: Influenza A viruses pose a significant public health threat globally and are characterized by rapid evolution of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene causing seasonal epidemics. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of A(H3N2) circulating in Bhutan during 2022 and 2023. METHODS: We analysed 166 whole-genome sequences of influenza A(H3N2) from Bhutan, obtained from the GISAID database. We employed a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework, with a curated global dataset of HA sequences from regions with significant migration links to Bhutan. Phylogenetic, temporal, and phylogeographic analyses were conducted to elucidate the evolutionary dynamics and spatial dissemination of the viruses. RESULTS: Our phylogenetic analysis identified the circulation of influenza A(H3N2) Clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2 in Bhutan during 2022 and 2023, with viruses further classified into three subclades: 2a.3 (39/166), 2a.3a.1 (58/166) and 2a.3b (69/166). The TMRCA estimates suggest that these viral lineages originated approximately 1.93 years prior to their detection. Phylogeographic analysis indicates introductions from the United States in 2022 and Australia in 2023. The mean evolutionary rate across all gene segments was calculated to be 4.42 x 10(-3) substitutions per site per year (95% HPD: 3.19 x 10(-3) to 5.84 x 10(-3)), with evidence of purifying selection and limited genetic diversity. Furthermore, reassortment events were rare, with an estimated rate of 0.045 events per lineage per year. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that primary forces shaping the local evolution of the influenza A(H3N2) in Bhutan are largely stochastic, with only sporadic instances of adaptive change, and thus underscore the importance of continuous surveillance to mitigate the impact of evolving strains.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.