HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation D67N


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site D67N
Mutation Site Sentence Table 2.Demographics, viral loads, cART regimens and DRM’s of 11 individuals with multi-class drug resistance in Botswana
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1 C
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment NRTI; NNRTI;tenofovir (TDF);emtricitabine (FTC);darunavir (DRV);ritonavir;dolutegravir (DTG);lamivudine (LAM);raltegravir (RAL)
Location Botswana
Literature Information
PMID 33807382
Title HIV-1 Subtype C Drug Resistance Mutations in Heavily Treated Patients Failing Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Based Regimens in Botswana
Author Seatla KK,Maruapula D,Choga WT,Ntsipe T,Mathiba N,Mogwele M,Kapanda M,Nkomo B,Ramaabya D,Makhema J,Mmalane M,Mine M,Kasvosve I,Lockman S,Moyo S,Gaseitsiwe S
Journal Viruses
Journal Info 2021 Mar 31;13(4):594
Abstract There are limited real-world mutational and virological outcomes data of treatment-experienced persons diagnosed with HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1 C) who are failing Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-based regimens. Requisition forms sent for HIV-1 genotypic resistance testing (GRT) between May 2015 and September 2019 were reviewed and participants experiencing virologic failure while on dolutegravir (DTG) or raltegravir (RAL) cART at sampling recruited. Sanger sequencing of the HIV-1 Pol gene was performed from residual plasma samples and drug resistance mutational (DRM) analysis performed using the Stanford University HIV drug resistance database. 40 HIV-1C integrase sequences were generated from 34 individuals, 24 of whom were on DTG cART, three on RAL cART and seven on an unknown (DTG or RAL)-anchored cART at time of GRT. 11/34 (32%) individuals had DRMs to DTG and other integrase inhibitors. 7/11 (64%) patients had exposure to a RAL-based cART at the time of sampling. Out of the 11 individuals with DRMs, one (9%) had 2-class, 6 (55%) had 3-class, and 4 (36%) had 4-class multidrug-resistant HIV-1C. 7/11 individuals (64%) are currently virologically suppressed. Of the four individuals not virologically suppressed, three had extensive DRMs involving 4-classes of ARV drugs and one individual has demised. Resistance to DTG occurs more often in patients exposed to RAL cART. Individuals with 4-class DRMs plus integrase T97 and E157Q mutations appear to have worse outcomes. There is a need for frequent VL monitoring and GRT amongst treatment-experienced HIV-1C diagnosed individuals.
Sequence Data MW690052-MW690089;MG989443.1;MG989444.1
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.