HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation E138G


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site E138G
Mutation Site Sentence Several additional DRMs not on the SDRM list were analyzed including (1) the primarily tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-selected DRMs A62V, K65N, and K70G/N/Q/S/T and (2) the primarily rilpivirine (RPV)-selected DRMs E138A/G/K/Q, of which E138A is polymorphic, occurring in 1%-4% of viruses from ART-naive individuals.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment rilpivirine (RPV)
Location America
Literature Information
PMID 29846534
Title Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in a Large US Clinic Population
Author Rhee SY,Clutter D,Fessel WJ,Klein D,Slome S,Pinsky BA,Marcus JL,Hurley L,Silverberg MJ,Kosakovsky Pond SL,Shafer RW
Journal Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Journal Info 2019 Jan 7;68(2):213-221
Abstract BACKGROUND: There are few large studies of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) prevalence and the drug resistance mutations (DRMs) responsible for TDR in the United States. METHODS: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease sequences were obtained from 4253 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive individuals in a California clinic population from 2003 to 2016. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to study linkages between TDR strains and selection pressure on TDR-associated DRMs. RESULTS: From 2003 to 2016, there was a significant increase in overall (odds ratio [OR], 1.05 per year [95% confidence interval CI, 1.03-1.08]; P < .001) and nonnucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI)-associated TDR (OR, 1.11 per year [95% CI, 1.08-1.15]; P < .001). Between 2012 and 2016, TDR rates to any drug class ranged from 15.7% to 19.2%, and class-specific rates ranged from 10.0% to 12.8% for NNRTIs, 4.1% to 8.1% for nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs), and 3.6% to 5.2% for protease inhibitors. The thymidine analogue mutations, M184V/I and the tenofovir-associated DRMs K65R and K70E/Q/G/N/T accounted for 82.9%, 7.3%, and 1.4% of NRTI-associated TDR, respectively. Thirty-seven percent of TDR strains clustered with other TDR strains sharing the same DRMs. CONCLUSIONS: Although TDR has increased significantly in this large cohort, many TDR strains are unlikely to influence the activity of currently preferred first-line ART regimens. The high proportion of DRMs associated with infrequently used regimens combined with the clustering of TDR strains suggest that some TDR strains are being transmitted between ART-naive individuals.
Sequence Data MG941022-MG944215
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.