HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation E138G


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site E138G
Mutation Site Sentence Most E138 mutations were E138A (80%), followed by E138G (16.5%).
Mutation Level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1 B;CRFs
Viral Reference HXB2/ K03455; BK132/AY173951; 671/AY423387 ;1058/ AY331295
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment rilpivirine
Location Turkey
Literature Information
PMID 36301912
Title Dynamics of Rilpivirine Resistance-Associated Mutation: E138 in Reverse Transcriptase among Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-1-Infected Individuals in Turkey
Author Sayan M,Sultanoglu N,Sanlidag T
Journal AIDS research and human retroviruses
Journal Info 2023 Feb;39(2):84-90
Abstract Rilpivirine, one of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors class anti-HIV agents, is used as an alternative drug to treat HIV-1-positive individuals according to current antiretroviral therapy (ART) guidelines. Mutation in the position E138 in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) leads to resistance to rilpivirine, alone reducing its susceptibility two to threefolds. The main aim of this study was to determine the dynamics of E138 mutation in the RT domain of the HIV-1 pol gene; in 6398 newly diagnosed and treatment-naive individuals in Turkey from 2013 to 2021. Rilpivirine-associated mutations were found among 424 (6.6%) out of 6398. Individuals with the E138 mutation had significantly higher HIV-1 RNA load than individuals without the E138 mutation (p = .044). The E138 mutation was mainly observed in the B subtype (40%) of HIV-1 compared to the non-B subtypes (26.9%) and the circulating recombinant forms (33.1%) (p < .001). Most E138 mutations were E138A (80%), followed by E138G (16.5%). This study uncovered the dynamics of rilpivirine-associated mutations over a long period and a large patient population. Before administering ART regimens consisting of rilpivirine, resistance monitoring is highly recommended for effective patient management in the treatment-of naive HIV-1-infected individuals.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.