HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation E138K


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site E138K
Mutation Site Sentence Importantly, 5.8% of participants had INSTI DRMs including major DRMs: Q148K, E138K, G118R, G140A, T66A and R263K.
Mutation Level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region IN
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1 A1;C;D
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment INSTI
Location Tanzania
Literature Information
PMID 36680436
Title Emerging integrase strand transfer inhibitor drug resistance mutations among children and adults on ART in Tanzania: findings from a national representative HIV drug resistance survey
Author Kamori D,Barabona G,Rugemalila J,Maokola W,Masoud SS,Mizinduko M,Sabasaba A,Ruhago G,Sambu V,Mushi J,Mgomella GS,Mcollogi JJ,Msafiri F,Mugusi S,Boniface J,Mutagonda R,Mlunde L,Amani D,Mboya E,Mahiti M,Rwebembera A,Ueno T,Pembe A,Njau P,Mutayoba B,Sunguya B
Journal The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Journal Info 2023 Mar 2;78(3):779-787
Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the scale-up of ART and the rollout in Tanzania of dolutegravir, an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI), treatment success has not been fully realized. HIV drug resistance (HIVDR), including dolutegravir resistance, could be implicated in the notable suboptimal viral load (VL) suppression among HIV patients. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and patterns of acquired drug resistance mutations (DRMs) among children and adults in Tanzania. METHODS: A national cross-sectional HIVDR survey was conducted among 866 children and 1173 adults. Genotyping was done on dried blood spot and/or plasma of participants with high HIV VL (>/=1000 copies/mL). HIV genes (reverse transcriptase, protease and integrase) were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. The Stanford HIVDR Database was used for HIVDR interpretation. RESULTS: HIVDR genotyping was performed on blood samples from 137 participants (92 children and 45 adults) with VL >/= 1000 copies/mL. The overall prevalence of HIV DRMs was 71.5%, with DRMs present in 78.3% of children and 57.8% of adults. Importantly, 5.8% of participants had INSTI DRMs including major DRMs: Q148K, E138K, G118R, G140A, T66A and R263K. NNRTI, NRTI and PI DRMs were also detected in 62.8%, 44.5% and 8% of participants, respectively. All the participants with major INSTI DRMs harboured DRMs targeting NRTI backbone drugs. CONCLUSIONS: More than 7 in 10 patients with high HIV viraemia in Tanzania have DRMs. The early emergence of dolutegravir resistance is of concern for the efficacy of the Tanzanian ART programme.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.