HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation E478Q


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site E478Q
Mutation Site Sentence However, it was shown that the mutation of one of the residues required for binding of the divalent metal ions in the RNaseH active site of RT, E478Q, eliminated the cleavage of both RNA in an RNA/RNA hybrid and RNA in a DNA/RNA hybrid, suggesting that this activity is inherent to RNaseH.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1
Viral Reference pHXB2-RT
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease Cell line    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment -
Location -
Literature Information
PMID 33374603
Title Extended Interactions between HIV-1 Viral RNA and tRNA(Lys3) Are Important to Maintain Viral RNA Integrity
Author Gremminger T,Song Z,Ji J,Foster A,Weng K,Heng X
Journal International journal of molecular sciences
Journal Info 2020 Dec 23;22(1):58
Abstract The reverse transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) initiates upon annealing of the 3'-18-nt of tRNA(Lys3) onto the primer binding site (PBS) in viral RNA (vRNA). Additional intermolecular interactions between tRNA(Lys3) and vRNA have been reported, but their functions remain unclear. Here, we show that abolishing one potential interaction, the A-rich loop: tRNA(Lys3) anticodon interaction in the HIV-1 MAL strain, led to a decrease in viral infectivity and reduced the synthesis of reverse transcription products in newly infected cells. In vitro biophysical and functional experiments revealed that disruption of the extended interaction resulted in an increased affinity for reverse transcriptase (RT) and enhanced primer extension efficiency. In the absence of deoxyribose nucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), vRNA was degraded by the RNaseH activity of RT, and the degradation rate was slower in the complex with the extended interaction. Consistently, the loss of vRNA integrity was detected in virions containing A-rich loop mutations. Similar results were observed in the HIV-1 NL4.3 strain, and we show that the nucleocapsid (NC) protein is necessary to promote the extended vRNA: tRNA(Lys3) interactions in vitro. In summary, our data revealed that the additional intermolecular interaction between tRNA(Lys3) and vRNA is likely a conserved mechanism among various HIV-1 strains and protects the vRNA from RNaseH degradation in mature virions.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.