SARS-CoV-2 Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation SARS-CoV-2 Mutation E484K


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site E484K
Mutation Site Sentence Considering that P44 bears the K417 mutation hotspot, we investigated the potential relevance of K417 mutations for antibody binding, by performing in silico equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of beta (mutations: E484K, K417N, and N501Y) and gamma (mutations: E484K, K417T and N501Y) RBD variants interacting with the therapeutic mAb REGN10933, previously shown to present loss of neutralizing activity in a mutated K417N pseudovirus assay.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RBD
Standardized Encoding Gene S  
Genotype/Subtype Beta;Gamma
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease COVID-19    
Immune Y
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment -
Location Brazil
Literature Information
PMID 36685521
Title Immunodominant antibody responses directed to SARS-CoV-2 hotspot mutation sites and risk of immune escape
Author Oliveira JR,Ruiz CMR,Machado RRG,Magawa JY,Daher IP,Urbanski AH,Schmitz GJH,Arcuri HA,Ferreira MA,Sasahara GL,de Medeiros GX,Junior RCVS,Durigon EL,Boscardin SB,Rosa DS,Schechtman D,Nakaya HI,Cunha-Neto E,Gadermaier G,Kalil J,Coelho V,Santos KS
Journal Frontiers in immunology
Journal Info 2023 Jan 5;13:1010105
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Considering the likely need for the development of novel effective vaccines adapted to emerging relevant CoV-2 variants, the increasing knowledge of epitope recognition profile among convalescents and afterwards vaccinated with identification of immunodominant regions may provide important information. METHODS: We used an RBD peptide microarray to identify IgG and IgA binding regions in serum of 71 COVID-19 convalescents and 18 vaccinated individuals. RESULTS: We found a set of immunodominant RBD antibody epitopes, each recognized by more than 30% of the tested cohort, that differ among the two different groups and are within conserved regions among betacoronavirus. Of those, only one peptide, P44 (S415-429), recognized by 68% of convalescents, presented IgG and IgA antibody reactivity that positively correlated with nAb titers, suggesting that this is a relevant RBD region and a potential target of IgG/IgA neutralizing activity. DISCUSSION: This peptide is localized within the area of contact with ACE-2 and harbors the mutation hotspot site K417 present in gamma (K417T), beta (K417N), and omicron (K417N) variants of concern. The epitope profile of vaccinated individuals differed from convalescents, with a more diverse repertoire of immunodominant peptides, recognized by more than 30% of the cohort. Noteworthy, immunodominant regions of recognition by vaccinated coincide with mutation sites at Omicron BA.1, an important variant emerging after massive vaccination. Together, our data show that immune pressure induced by dominant antibody responses may favor hotspot mutation sites and the selection of variants capable of evading humoral response.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.