SARS-CoV-2 Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation SARS-CoV-2 Mutation G251V


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site G251V
Mutation Site Sentence The viral sequence from infected zoo lions belonged to clade V; and a single mutation of G251V is found for ORF3a gene compared to all other clades.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region ORF3a
Standardized Encoding Gene ORF3a  
Genotype/Subtype -
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease COVID-19    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment -
Location -
Literature Information
PMID 34188167
Title Activation of NF-kappaB and induction of proinflammatory cytokine expressions mediated by ORF7a protein of SARS-CoV-2
Author Su CM,Wang L,Yoo D
Journal Scientific reports
Journal Info 2021 Jun 29;11(1):13464
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that emerged in human populations recently. Severely ill COVID-19 patients exhibit the elevation of proinflammatory cytokines, and such an unbalanced production of proinflammatory cytokines is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome with high mortality in COVID-19 patients. Our study provides evidence that the ORF3a, M, ORF7a, and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2 were NF-kappaB activators. The viral sequence from infected zoo lions belonged to clade V, and a single mutation of G251V is found for ORF3a gene compared to all other clades. No significant functional difference was found for clade V ORF3a, indicating the NF-kappaB activation is conserved among COVID-19 variants. Of the four viral proteins, the ORF7a protein induced the NF-kappaB dictated proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and IFNbeta. The ORF7a protein also induced IL-3, IL-4, IL-7, IL-23. Of 15 different chemokines examined in the study, CCL11, CCL17, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL22, CCL25, CCL26, CCL27, and CXCL9 were significantly upregulated by ORF7. These cytokines and chemokines were frequently elevated in severely ill COVID-19 patients. Our data provide an insight into how SARS-CoV-2 modulates NF-kappaB signaling and inflammatory cytokine expressions. The ORF7a protein may be a desirable target for strategic developments to minimize uncontrolled inflammation in COVID-19 patients.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.