SARS-CoV-2 Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation SARS-CoV-2 Mutation L452R


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site L452R
Mutation Site Sentence In index cases, Spike gene target failure (TaqPath) was used as a proxy of Alpha variant and the L452R mutation (TaqMan) for Delta variant.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region S
Standardized Encoding Gene S  
Genotype/Subtype Delta
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease COVID-19    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment -
Location -
Literature Information
PMID 35412379
Title Differences in Transmission between SARS-CoV-2 Alpha (B.1.1.7) and Delta (B.1.617.2) Variants
Author Trobajo-Sanmartin C,Martinez-Baz I,Miqueleiz A,Fernandez-Huerta M,Burgui C,Casado I,Baigorria F,Navascues A,Castilla J,Ezpeleta C
Journal Microbiology spectrum
Journal Info 2022 Apr 27;10(2):e0000822
Abstract The present study aimed to compare the susceptibility and infectivity between the Alpha and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 and to investigate characteristics of the index case and the contact that may affect transmission. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was compared between close contacts of COVID-19 cases with Alpha and Delta variants during June 2021 to August 2021. In index cases, Spike gene target failure (TaqPath) was used as a proxy of Alpha variant and the L452R mutation (TaqMan) for Delta variant. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted relative risks (RR). We compared close contacts of index cases with Alpha (n = 2139) and Delta variants (n = 5439). Delta variant was more transmissible overall (relative risk [RR] 1.32, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.53), and in non-household contacts (RR 1.71, 95% CI = 1.35 to 2.16), but not in household contacts (RR 1.10, 95% CI = 0.91 to 1.34; P(interaction) < 0.001). Delta variant excess transmission was observed when the index cases were 12 to 39 years old (RR 1.51, 95% CI = 1.27 to 1.79) and the close contacts were 18 to 39 years old (RR 1.62, 95% CI = 1.29 to 2.03), but not among those younger or older than such ages. Differences in transmissibility between variants disappeared with vaccination of the index case (RR 0.68, 95% CI = 0.46 to 1.02), but not with vaccination of the close contact. This report shows that the Delta variant is more transmissible than Alpha variant mainly among young adults. Vaccination of the index cases reduced the excess transmission, which reinforces the recommendation of vaccination to reduce transmission of the Delta variant. IMPORTANCE The higher transmissibility of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 in comparison with the Alpha variant has been reported. We compared the transmission of the Alpha and Delta variants by characteristics and COVID-19 vaccination status of index cases and their close contacts. Interestingly, the Delta variant showed increased transmissibility when the index case was an adolescent or young adult and when the close contact was a young adult; however, in index cases and close contacts of other age groups, transmission did not differ between variants. This may explain the increased proportion of young people who have been infected in the surges due to the Delta variant. The Delta variant was more transmissible than the Alpha variant when the index cases were unvaccinated against COVID-19, and their vaccination equaled the transmissibility of both variants, which suggests a higher impact of vaccination in controlling transmission of the Delta variant.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.