SARS-CoV-2 Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation SARS-CoV-2 Mutation L455F


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site L455F
Mutation Site Sentence The spike protein of EG.5.1 differs from that of XBB.1 at N-terminal domain (NTD) Q52H and receptor-binding domain (RBD) F456L, while HK.3 spike RBD contains an additional L455F mutation when compared to EG.5.1.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region S
Standardized Encoding Gene S  
Genotype/Subtype HK.3
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease Cell line    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment -
Location Nanjing(China)
Literature Information
PMID 39379369
Title Lineage-specific pathogenicity, immune evasion, and virological features of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86/JN.1 and EG.5.1/HK.3
Author Liu Y,Zhao X,Shi J,Wang Y,Liu H,Hu YF,Hu B,Shuai H,Yuen TT,Chai Y,Liu F,Gong HR,Li J,Wang X,Jiang S,Zhang X,Zhang Y,Li X,Wang L,Hartnoll M,Zhu T,Hou Y,Huang X,Yoon C,Wang Y,He Y,Zhou M,Du L,Zhang X,Chan WM,Chen LL,Cai JP,Yuan S,Zhou J,Huang JD,Yuen KY,To KK,Chan JF,Zhang BZ,Sun L,Wang P,Chu H
Journal Nature communications
Journal Info 2024 Oct 9;15(1):8728
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 with an additional L455S mutation on spike when compared with its parental variant BA.2.86 has outcompeted all earlier variants to become the dominant circulating variant. Recent studies investigated the immune resistance of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 but additional factors are speculated to contribute to its global dominance, which remain elusive until today. Here, we find that SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 has a higher infectivity than BA.2.86 in differentiated primary human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the gained infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 over BA.2.86 associates with increased entry efficiency conferred by L455S and better spike cleavage in hNECs. Structurally, S455 altered the mode of binding of JN.1 spike protein to ACE2 when compared to BA.2.86 spike at ACE2(H34), and modified the internal structure of JN.1 spike protein by increasing the number of hydrogen bonds with neighboring residues. These findings indicate that a single mutation (L455S) enhances virus entry in hNECs and increases immune evasiveness, which contribute to the robust transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1. We further evaluate the in vitro and in vivo virological characteristics between SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86/JN.1 and EG.5.1/HK.3, and identify key lineage-specific features of the two Omicron sublineages that contribute to our understanding on Omicron antigenicity, transmissibility, and pathogenicity.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.