HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation L74V


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site L74V
Mutation Site Sentence The most frequent mutation of resistance to NRTI worldwide is M184V/I, followed by K65R/N, L74V/I, Y115F, and Q151M, and the most prevalent for FSU_A is M184V, followed by K65R/N.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1 A
Viral Reference HXB2
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information -
Treatment NRTIs
Location former Soviet Union
Literature Information
PMID 31885806
Title HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis Formation via ROS-Dependent Upregulation of Twist
Author Bayurova E,Jansons J,Skrastina D,Smirnova O,Mezale D,Kostyusheva A,Kostyushev D,Petkov S,Podschwadt P,Valuev-Elliston V,Sasinovich S,Korolev S,Warholm P,Latanova A,Starodubova E,Tukhvatulin A,Latyshev O,Selimov R,Metalnikov P,Komarov A,Ivanova O,Gorodnicheva T,Kochetkov S,Gottikh M,Strumfa I,Ivanov A,Gordeychuk I,Isaguliants M
Journal Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
Journal Info 2019 Dec 2;2019:6016278
Abstract HIV-induced immune suppression results in the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS-associated malignancies including Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cervical cancer. HIV-infected people are also at an increased risk of ""non-AIDS-defining"" malignancies not directly linked to immune suppression but associated with viral infections. Their incidence is increasing despite successful antiretroviral therapy. The mechanism behind this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we obtained daughter clones of murine mammary gland adenocarcinoma 4T1luc2 cells expressing consensus reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 subtype A FSU_A strain (RT_A) with and without primary mutations of drug resistance. In in vitro tests, mutations of resistance to nucleoside inhibitors K65R/M184V reduced the polymerase, and to nonnucleoside inhibitors K103N/G190S, the RNase H activities of RT_A. Expression of these RT_A variants in 4T1luc2 cells led to increased production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, enhanced cell motility in the wound healing assay, and upregulation of expression of Vimentin and Twist. These properties, particularly, the expression of Twist, correlated with the levels of expression RT_A and/or the production of ROS. When implanted into syngeneic BALB/C mice, 4T1luc2 cells expressing nonmutated RT_A demonstrated enhanced rate of tumor growth and increased metastatic activity, dependent on the level of expression of RT_A and Twist. No enhancement was observed for the clones expressing mutated RT_A variants. Plausible mechanisms are discussed involving differential interactions of mutated and nonmutated RTs with its cellular partners involved in the regulation of ROS. This study establishes links between the expression of HIV-1 RT, production of ROS, induction of EMT, and enhanced propagation of RT-expressing tumor cells. Such scenario can be proposed as one of the mechanisms of HIV-induced/enhanced carcinogenesis not associated with immune suppression.
Sequence Data DQ207944;EF589042;EF589043;EF589039;EF589044;EF589040;EF589041;EF545108;JQ292892;AY500393;JQ292895;JQ292896;JQ292897;JQ292898;JQ292899;JQ292900;JQ292891;KF716491;KF716492;FJ864679;JQ292893;JQ292894;JX500696;JX500695;JX500694;AF413987;DQ823358;DQ823357;DQ823361;DQ823365;DQ823366;DQ823367;DQ823359;DQ823356;DQ823360;AY829209;AY829210;AY829211;AY829212;AY829203;AY829205;AY829206;AY829208;KT983615
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.