HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation P225H


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site P225H
Mutation Site Sentence Other NNRTI-associated low-frequency DRMs identified were K103N, V106M, E138G, E138K, Y181C, Y188C, Y188H, P225H, and M230I at frequencies of 1.01% and 7.7%, respectively.
Mutation Level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment NNRTI
Location Botswana
Literature Information
PMID 35838991
Title Low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral naive individuals in Botswana
Author Maruapula D,Seatla KK,Morerinyane O,Molebatsi K,Giandhari J,de Oliveira T,Musonda RM,Leteane M,Mpoloka SW,Rowley CF,Moyo S,Gaseitsiwe S
Journal Medicine
Journal Info 2022 Jul 15;101(28):e29577
Abstract BACKGROUND: Individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who experience virological failure (VF) after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation may have had low-frequency drug resistance mutations (DRMs) at cART initiation. There are no data on low-frequency DRMs among cART-naive HIV-positive individuals in Botswana. METHODS: We evaluated the prevalence of low-frequency DRMs among cART-naive individuals previously sequenced using Sanger sequencing. The generated pol amplicons were sequenced by next-generation sequencing. RESULTS: We observed low-frequency DRMs (detected at <20% in 33/103 (32%) of the successfully sequenced individuals, of whom four also had mutations detected at >20%. K65R was the most common low-frequency DRM detected in 8 individuals. Eighty-two of the 103 individuals had follow-up viral load data while on cART. Twenty-seven of the 82 individuals harbored low-frequency DRMs. Only 12 of 82 individuals experienced VF. The following low-frequency DRMs were observed in four individuals experiencing VF: K65R, K103N, V108I, and Y188C. No statistically significant difference was observed in the prevalence of low-frequency DRMs between individuals experiencing VF (4/12) and those not experiencing VF (23/70) (P = .97). However, individuals with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors-associated low-frequency DRMs were 2.68 times more likely to experience VF (odds ratio, 2.68; 95% confidential interval, 0.4-13.9) compared with those without (P = .22). CONCLUSION: Next-generation sequencing was able to detect low-frequency DRMs in this cohort in Botswana, but these DRMs did not contribute significantly to VF.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.