HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation S68G


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site S68G
Mutation Site Sentence A few non-classified mutations in the HIV-1 genome such as F 214L (n = 1, 3.3%), I64V (n = 3, 10.0%), K10I (n = 3, 10.0%), R21I (n = 1, 3.3%), S68G (n = 2, 6.6%), and L214F (n = 1, 3.3%) were also observed in the children treated with PI medications. Moreover, the HIV-1 isolates from the NNRTI and PI naive children showed NNRTI (n = 4/20, 20.0%) and secondary (class III-IV) PI associated mutations (n = 6/13, 46.1%).
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1
Viral Reference -
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment PIs
Location New Jersey
Literature Information
PMID 17620130
Title Protease inhibitor associated mutations compromise the efficacy of therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infected pediatric patients: a cross-sectional study
Author Malhotra A,Gaur S,Whitley-Williams P,Loomis C,Petrova A
Journal AIDS research and therapy
Journal Info 2007 Jul 9;4:15
Abstract BACKGROUND: Although the introduction of combined therapy with reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors has resulted in considerable decrease in HIV related mortality; it has also induced the development of multiple drug-resistant HIV-1 variants. The few studies on HIV-1 mutagenesis in HIV infected children have not evaluated the impact of HIV-1 mutations on the clinical, virological and immunological presentation of HIV disease that is fundamental to optimizing the treatment regimens for these patients. RESULTS: A cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate the impact of treatment regimens and resistance mutation patterns on the clinical, virological, and immunological presentation of HIV disease in 41 children (25 male and 16 female) at the Robert Wood Johnson Pediatric AIDS Program in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The study participants were symptomatic and had preceding treatment history with combined ARV regimens including protease inhibitors (PIs), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Fifteen (36.6%) children were treated with NRTI+NNRTI+ PI, 6 (14.6%) with NRTI+NNRTIs, 13 (31.7%) with NRTI+PIs, and the remaining 7 (17.1%) received NRTIs only. Combined ARV regimens did not significantly influence the incidence of NRTI and NNRTI associated mutations. The duration of ARV therapy and the child's age had no significant impact on the ARV related mutations. The clinico-immunological presentation of the HIV disease was not associated with ARV treatment regimens or number of resistance mutations. However, primary mutations in the protease (PR) gene increased the likelihood of plasma viral load (PVL) > or = 10,000 copies/mL irrespective of the child's age, duration of ARV therapy, presence of NRTI and NNRTI mutation. Viremia > or = 10,000 copies/mL was recorded in almost all the children with primary mutations in the PR region (n = 12/13, 92.3%) as compared with only 50.0% (n = 14/28) of HIV infected children without (PR-), P < 0.008. However, CD-4 T cells were not affected by the mutations in the PR gene of the HIV-1 isolates. CONCLUSION: Primary PR resistance mutations significantly increase the likelihood for high viral replication in pediatric patients with moderate/severe HIV-1 infection, which may affect the long-term clinical prognosis of the HIV infected children.
Sequence Data -
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.