HIV Mutation Detail Information

Virus Mutation HIV Mutation V75I


Basic Characteristics of Mutations
Mutation Site V75I
Mutation Site Sentence Most of the minority mutations in viruses from both groups of naïve patients were observed in the RT, e.g., M41L, E44D, A62V, K65R, D67N, D67G, V75I, L100I, K103N, K103R, V188I, M184I, L210W, K219Q, Y318F, etc.
Mutation Level Amino acid level
Mutation Type Nonsynonymous substitution
Gene/Protein/Region RT
Standardized Encoding Gene gag-pol:155348
Genotype/Subtype HIV-1
Viral Reference 1. A1: AU.03.PS1044_Day0 (DQ676872)2. A2: CD.97.97CDKTB48 (AF286238)3. B: FR.83.HXB2_LAI_IIIB_BRU (K03455)4. C: BR.92.BR025_d (U52953)5. D: CD.83.ELI (K03454)6. F1: BE.93.VI850 (AF077336)7. F2: CM.02.02CM_0016BBY (AY371158)8. G: BE.96.DRCBL (AF084936)9. H: BE.93.VI991 (AF190127)10. J: CD.97.J_97DC_KTB147 (EF614151)11. K: CD.97.97ZR_EQTB11 (AJ249235)12. CRF01_AE: AF.07.569M (GQ477441)13. CRF02_AG: CM.99.pBD6_15 (AY271690)14. CRF03_AB: RU.97.KAL153_2 (AF193276)15. CRF04_cpx: CY.94.94CY032_3 (AF049337)16. CRF05_DF: BE.93.VI961 (AF076998)
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
Disease HIV Infections    
Immune -
Target Gene -
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
Clinical Information Y
Treatment NRTI
Location UK
Literature Information
PMID 30409215
Title Characterization of minority HIV-1 drug resistant variants in the United Kingdom following the verification of a deep sequencing-based HIV-1 genotyping and tropism assay
Author Silver N,Paynter M,McAllister G,Atchley M,Sayir C,Short J,Winner D,Alouani DJ,Sharkey FH,Bergefall K,Templeton K,Carrington D,Quinones-Mateu ME
Journal AIDS research and therapy
Journal Info 2018 Nov 8;15(1):18
Abstract BACKGROUND: The widespread global access to antiretroviral drugs has led to considerable reductions in morbidity and mortality but, unfortunately, the risk of virologic failure increases with the emergence, and potential transmission, of drug resistant viruses. Detecting and quantifying HIV-1 drug resistance has therefore become the standard of care when designing new antiretroviral regimens. The sensitivity of Sanger sequencing-based HIV-1 genotypic assays is limited by its inability to identify minority members of the quasispecies, i.e., it only detects variants present above ~ 20% of the viral population, thus, failing to detect minority variants below this threshold. It is clear that deep sequencing-based HIV-1 genotyping assays are an important step change towards accurately monitoring HIV-infected individuals. METHODS: We implemented and verified a clinically validated HIV-1 genotyping assay based on deep sequencing (DEEPGEN) in two clinical laboratories in the United Kingdom: St. George's University Hospitals Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust (London) and at NHS Lothian (Edinburgh), to characterize minority HIV-1 variants in 109 plasma samples from ART-naive or -experienced individuals. RESULTS: Although subtype B HIV-1 strains were highly prevalent (44%, 48/109), most individuals were infected with non-B subtype viruses (i.e., A1, A2, C, D, F1, G, CRF02_AG, and CRF01_AE). DEEPGEN was able to accurately detect drug resistance-associated mutations not identified using standard Sanger sequencing-based tests, which correlated significantly with patient's antiretroviral treatment histories. A higher proportion of minority PI-, NRTI-, and NNRTI-resistance mutations was detected in NHS Lothian patients compared to individuals from St. George's, mainly M46I/L and I50 V (associated with PIs), D67 N, K65R, L74I, M184 V/I, and K219Q (NRTIs), and L100I (NNRTIs). Interestingly, we observed an inverse correlation between intra-patient HIV-1 diversity and CD4(+) T cell counts in the NHS Lothian patients. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study evaluating the transition, training, and implementation of DEEPGEN between three clinical laboratories in two different countries. More importantly, we were able to characterize the HIV-1 drug resistance profile (including minority variants), coreceptor tropism, subtyping, and intra-patient viral diversity in patients from the United Kingdom, providing a rigorous foundation for basing clinical decisions on highly sensitive and cost-effective deep sequencing-based HIV-1 genotyping assays in the country.
Sequence Data Silver2018
Mutation Information
Note
Basic Characteristics of Mutations
  • Mutation Site: The specific location in a gene or protein sequence where a change occurs.
  • Mutation Level: The level at which a mutation occurs, including the nucleotide or amino acid level.
  • Mutation Type: The nature of the mutation, such as missense mutation, nonsense mutation, synonymous mutation, etc.
  • Gene/Protein/Region: Refers to the specific region of the virus where the mutation occurs. Including viral genes, viral proteins, or a specific viral genome region. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main
  • Gene/Protein/Region studied in the article is marked.
  • Genotype/Subtype: Refers to the viral genotype or subtype where the mutation occurs. If the article does not specifically indicate the relationship between the mutation and its correspondence, the main Genotype/Subtype studied in the article is marked.
  • Viral Reference: Refers to the standard virus strain used to compare and analyze viral sequences.
Functional Impact and Mechanisms
  • Disease: An abnormal physiological state with specific symptoms and signs caused by viral infection.
  • Immune: The article focuses on the study of mutations and immune.
  • Target Gene: Host genes that viral mutations may affect.
Clinical and Epidemiological Correlations
  • Clinical Information: The study is a clinical or epidemiological study and provides basic information about the population.
  • Treatment: The study mentioned a certain treatment method, such as drug resistance caused by mutations. If the study does not specifically indicate the relationship between mutations and their correspondence treatment, the main treatment studied in the article is marked.
  • Location: The source of the research data.
Literature Information
  • Sequence Data: The study provides the data accession number.